تأثیر پتاسیم و نیتروژن بر مقاومت گندم به بیماری بلایت فوزاریومی سنبله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر پتاسیم و نوع نیتروژن مصرفی بر فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدان و تغییرات اسمولیتی گندم در مواجهه با بیماری بلایت فوزاریومی سنبله گندم (FHB)، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل دو سطح بیماری (شاهد، آلوده)، سه سطح پتاسیم (80، 100 و 120 کیلوگرم پتاسیم در هکتار) و سه منبع نیتروژن (نیترات کلسیم، سولفات آمونیوم و تیمار ترکیبی شامل 75 درصد نیترات کلسیم و 25 درصد سولفات آمونیم) بود. نتایج نشان داد که میزان فعالیت آنزیم­های سوپراکسید دیسمیوتاز، کاتالاز و پلی­فنل­اکسیداز و میزان پرولین و قندهای محلول در اثر بیماریFHB  و کاربرد پتاسیم و نیترات افزایش یافت. در مقابل، میزان پروتئین کل و لیزین در اثر بیماری FHB و کاربرد پتاسیم کاهش و میزان متیونین تحت تأثیر بیماری کاهش پیدا کرد. به نظر می­رسد بیماری سوختگی فوزاریومی گندم منجر به افزایش فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدان می­شود و کاربرد پتاسیم و نیترات نسبت به کاربرد آمونیوم تأثیر بیشتری در کاهش آثار نامطلوب بیماری دارد، زیرا آمونیوم می­تواند میزان اسمولیت­ها و فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدان را کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of potassium and nitrogen on the resistant of wheat against FHB

نویسندگان [English]

  • nasibeh tavakoli hasanaklou 1
  • Ali Ebadi 2
  • Mahdi Davari 3
  • Hourieh Tavakoli 1
1 Ph. D. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Ardebil, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Ardebil, Iran
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Ardebil, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of potasium and nitrogen on the antioxidant enzyme activity and changes of osmolytes in wheat under fusarium head blight infection, an experiment was carried out as a factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included two levels of FHB infection (Control and infected), three levels of potassium (80, 100 and 120 kgha-1) and three forms of nitrogen (ammonium sulfate, calssium nitrate, combination of two nitrogen form consisted of 75% calssium nitrate and 25% ammonium sulfate).Results showed that infection, potasium and nitrate led to increase of superoxide dismutase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase activity, prolin and soluble sugers content. Also infection and potasium decreased total protein and lysin content. Amount of methionin declined under FHB infection Ammonium sulfate led to decrease of these enzymes, proline and soluble sugars. It seems that Fusarium head blight of wheat leads to increase antioxidant enzymes activity and the use of potassium and nitrate caused a greater impact on reduction of the harmful effects of this disease than ammonium, because ammonium lowers the amount of osmolites and activity of antioxidant enzymes.It seems that Fusarium head blight of wheat leads to increase antioxidant enzymes activity and the use of potassium and nitrate caused a greater impact on reduction of the harmful effects of this disease than ammonium, because ammonium lowers the amount of osmolites and activity of antioxidant enzymes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • FHB
  • antioxidant enzyme activity
  • prolin
  • lysin
  • methionin
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