بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی نمونه ای از ژرم پلاسم جو وحشی (Hordeum spontaneum) با استفاده از نشانگر مولکولی SSR

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

تعیین سطح تنوع ژنتیکی و روابط بین ژنوتیپ­ها جهت شناسایی والدین مناسب برای اهداف اصلاحی مختلف ضروری است. در این تحقیق، روابط ژنتیکی 55 نمونه از ژرم­پلاسم جو وحشی اسپونتانئوم (Hordeum spontaneum) متعلق به مناطق مختلف جهان با استفاده از 14 جفت آغازگر ریزماهواره بررسی شد. در مجموع 53 آلل با میانگین 2/5 آلل به ازای هر جفت آغازگر تکثیر شد. میانگین فراوانی آلل رایج 51/0 بود. میزان اطلاعات چند شکلی در دامنه 37/0 تا 81/0 با میانگین 63/0و تنوع ژنی یا هتروزیگوسیتی مورد انتظار در محدوده 38/0 تا 82/0 با میانگین 64/0 بود. نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی شاخص­های تنوع نشان داد که نشانگرهای Bmag007، EBmac0701 و Bmac134 مناسب­ترین نشانگرها برای تفکیک ژنوتیپ­ها بودند. تجزیه خوشه­ای با روش UPGMA بر اساس داده­های مولکولی، ژنوتیپ­ها را به شش گروه تقسیم کرد. ژنوتیپ­های موجود در هر یک از گروه­ها، عموما از یک منطقه جغرافیایی خاص جمع­آوری شده بودند. در تعدادی از نمونه­ها نیز تطابق بین توزیع جغرافیایی با گروه­بندی ژنوتیپ­ها مشاهده نشد. بر اساس نتایج، بیشترین شباهت را ژنوتیپ­های سوریه و اردن و کمترین شباهت را نمونه­های قزاقستان با این دو کشور داشتند. نتایج این تحقیق وجود تنوع ژنتیکی قابل توجه در نمونه­های جو وحشی مورد مطالعه را نشان داد که با شناسایی ژن­های مفید، می­توان از آنها جهت اصلاح و بهبود ارقام زراعی استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating genetic diversity of a sample of wild barely germplasm using SSR molecular marker

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolmotalleb Namavar 1
  • Zahra Tahmasebi 2
  • Javad Erfani Moghaddam 3
  • Foad Fatehi 4
  • Zeinab Yousefi 1
  • Batol Zarei 5
1 Graduate M. Sc. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
4 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
5 Ph. D. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
چکیده [English]

Determining the level of genetic diversity and relationships among genotypes is necessary to identify the parents for different breeding purposes. In the present study, genetic diversityof 55 samples of wild barley germplasm, Hordeum spontaneum, collected from different regions of the world was evaluated using 14 microsatellite (SSR) markers. A total of 52 alleles were amplified with an average of 5.2 alleles per locus and average frequency of the major allele was 0.51. Polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.37 to 0.81 with an average of 0.629 and gene diversity or expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.38 to 0.82 with an average of 0.635. Results of the measured diversity parameters in the studied markers showed that Bmag007, EBmac0701 and Bmac134 were the most appropriate markers to separate genotypes. Cluster analysis based on SSR data and UPGMA method using simple matching similarity matrix assigned the genotypes into six groups. The genotypes belonging to each group were generally collected from a specific geographical region. In many cases, a mismatch between the genotypes and its geographical region was observed. Based on these results, the highest similarity was observed between Syria and Jordan genotypes and the samples from Kazakhstan had lowest similarity to the genotypes collected from these two countries. The result of this research showed that there is considerable genetic diversity in the studied wild barley samples which can be used to improve the cultivated barley after the identification of their useful genes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster analysis
  • Heterozygosity
  • Polymorphism

مراجع

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تحقیقات غلات
دوره 6، شماره 2
شهریور 1395
صفحه 201-214

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