مطالعه فیلوژنی و بیان ژن های پلی آمین اکسیداز (PAO) در ذرت (Zeamays L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی،دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

پلی­آمین­ها به­وسیله آنزیم‌های آمین­‌اکسیداز شامل آمینواکسیدازهای حاوی مس (CuPAO) و پلی­آمین اکسیدازهای (PAO) وابسته به FAD به­صورت اکسیداتیو دآمینه می­شوند. شواهد زیادی مبنی بر نقش ضروری پلی­آمین­‌اکسیدازها در رشد و نمو گیاهان مانند اندام­زایی و پیری و نیز پاسخ به تنش­های زیستی و غیرزیستی وجود دارد. در دسترس قرار گرفتن توالی ژنوم ذرت فرصت بسیار مناسبی برای مستندسازی، گروه‌بندی و نیز مطالعات ژنومیکس مقایسه­ای مهیا ساخته است. در این مطالعه از طریق آنالیزهای بیوانفورماتیک، ZmPAO1تاZmPAO9 در ژنوم ذرت شناسایی شد. آنالیز فیلوژنتیک نشان داد که ژن‌های ZmPAO همانند اورتولوگ آن‌ها در آرابیدوپسیس و برنج به سه گروه اصلی تقسیم می­شوند. ضمن اینکه ژن­های PAO ذرت ارتباط تکاملی نزدیک­تری با ژن­های برنج در مقایسه با آرابیدوپسیس دارند. مطالعه ساختار ژنی نشان داد که تعداد اینترون‌های ZmPAO از صفر تا نه متغیر است و روی چهار کروموزوم از ده کروموزوم ذرت قرارگرفتهاست. مضاعف شدگی تاندوم و سگمنتال موجب افزایش تعداد اعضای خانواده ژنی PAO در ذرت شده­اند. با استفاده از داده­های ریزآرایه در دسترس، پروفایل رونوشت‌برداریژن­هایZmPAO در فرآیندهای رشد و نمو ذرت ارزیابی و نتایج نشان­دهنده نقش احتمالی آن­ها در تنظیم نمو بود. نتایج این مطالعه اطلاعات پایه‌ای را ارایه کرد که برای مطالعات عملکردی آینده در مورد فعالیت ژن­های ZmPAO در بافت­ها، نقش آن‌ها در نمو و نیز در پاسخ به تنش­ها مفید و موثر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Phylogenetic and expression analysisof polyamine oxidase (PAO) genes in maize (Zea mays L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin Abedi 1
  • Mohammad Mehdi Sohani 2
  • Reza Shirzadian 3
1 Graduated Ph. D., Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Polyamines are oxidativelydeaminated by amine oxidases (AOs), including copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) and FAD-dependent polyamine oxidases (PAOs). PAOs are associated with polyamine catabolism in peroxisome, apoplast and cytoplasm. In plants, increasing evidences support that PAO genes play an essential roles in growth and developmental processes such as organogenesis, senescence, and also responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. The availability of the maize genome sequences has provided an excellent opportunity for whole-genome annotation, classification and comparative genomics research. In this study, through bioinformatics analysis approaches, nine putative PAO (ZmPAO1–ZmPAO9) were identified in maize genome. According to Phylogenetic analysis ZmPAOs can be divided into three major groups as found in their orthologous in Arabidopsis and rice. It is also demonstrated that maize PAO proteins are more closely related to rice than those in Arabidopsis. Gene structural analysis showed that the ZmPAOs have zero to nine introns and they are distributed across 4 out of 10 chromosomes in maize. Duplication pattern analysis shows that segmental and tandem duplication are the main reasons for maize PAOs expansion. Using public microarray data, the roles of ZmPAOs in growth and development processes were assessed. These results have been provided evidences regarding the important functions of the gene family in maize developmental regulation. These results provide a basis for further functional characterization of ZmPAOs at the tissue/developmental level and in response to stresses. Using public microarray data, ZmPAO expression profiles strongly suggested that ZmPAOs have a role in growth and development processes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioinformatics
  • Duplication
  • Evolution
  • Gene structure
  • Homologue
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