بررسی اثر اسید هیومیک و باکتری های محرک رشد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم دوروم تحت شرایط تنش خشکی در منطقه شهر ری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهرری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر اسید هیومیک و باکتری­های محرک رشد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم دوروم تحت شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 91-1390 در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یاد گار امام خمینی(ره) شهر ­ری اجرا شد. این تحقیق به صورت کرت­های خرد شده- فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. آبیاری در سه سطح
 (بر اساس 80 ، 120 و 160 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A) در کرت­های اصلی و اسید هیومیک و باکتری­های محرک رشد ازتوباکتر، سودوموناس و آزوسپریلوم هر دو عامل در دو سطح (کاربرد و عدم کاربرد) به صورت فاکتوریل در
کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که به غیر از اثر اسید هیومیک بر تعداد دانه در سنبله و عملکرد زیست­توده، آثار اصلی همه فاکتورها بر صفات مورد مطالعه معنی­دار بود. در این شرایط کوتاه شدن دور آبیاری به 80 میلی­متر سبب افزایش عملکرد دانه به 37/3655 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد موجب افزایش 4/9 و 6/4 درصدی عملکرد دانه و عملکرد زیست­توده نسبت به شاهد شد. کاربرد اسید هیومیک نیز عملکرد دانه را به میزان 9/6 درصد نسبت به عدم مصرف آن افزایش داد. از میان آثار متقابل عوامل آزمایشی، تنها اثر متقابل آبیاری × باکتری­های محرک رشد بر صفات طول پدانکل و تعداد سنبله در واحد سطح معنی­دار بود و در این شرایط در دور آبیاری80 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A، گیاهان تلقیح شده و تلقیح نشده با باکتری­های محرک رشد ضمن قرار گرفتن در یک گروه آماری، دارای بیشترین مقدار صفات مذکور نسبت به شاهد بودند. بر اساس یافته­های این تحقیق می­توان نتیجه گرفت که تاثیر باکتری­های محرک رشد بر بیشتر صفات مورد مطالعه بیشتر از اسید هیومیک بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of humic acid and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) on yield and yield components of durum wheat under drought stress condition in Shahr-e-Rey region

نویسنده [English]

  • Alireza pazoki
چکیده [English]

To study the effects of drought stress, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and humic acid on yield and yield components of durum wheat, an experiment was conducted at research field of Islamic Azad University, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini, Shahr-e-Rey, Iran, in 2011-2012 growth season. The experiment was carried out as split-plot factorial in randomized complete block design with four replications. The experimental factors were irrigation regimes in three levels (irrigation after 80, 120 and 160 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan) in main plots and humic acid and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR, Azospirillum and Azotobacter pseudomonas) both in two levels, (application and non-application) as factorial in sub-plots. The results indicated that apart from the effect of humic acid on grain number and biological yield, the main effect of other factors were significant on all evaluated traits. In this case, decreasing irrigation interval to 80 mm, increased grain yield to 3655.37 kg/ha and application of PGPR increased grain and biological yield (9.4% and 4.6% respectively). The application of humic acid also increased grain yield (6.9%) compared to non-application. Among the interaction effects, only the irrigation × PGPRs were significant on peduncle length and number of spikes per m2. In this circumstance, irrigation after 80 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan under both inoculated and non-inoculated grains by PGPRs showed the highest amounts of mentioned traits than control. The findings of this research showed that the positive effect of PGPRs on most studied traits was more than humic acid.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azospirillum
  • Azotobacter pseudomonas
  • Irrigation regimes
  • Organic fertilizer
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