واکنش جذب تشعشع، ضریب خاموشی نور، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد جو به الگوی کاشت و میزان بذر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

3 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به‌ منظور بررسی واکنش جذب تشعشع، ضریب خاموشی نور، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد جو (.Hordeum vulgare L) رقم جنوب به الگوی کاشت و میزان بذر، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 93-1392 در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت کرت‌های نواری در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا و تیمارها شامل چهار الگوی کشت (مسطح با فواصل ردیف 17 سانتی‌متر، مسطح با فواصل ردیف 25 سانتی‌متر، سه ردیف کشت روی پشته‌های 50 سانتی‌متری و دو ردیف کشت روی پشته‌های 50 سانتی‌متری) به عنوان عامل اول و چهار سطح میزان بذر (200، 300، 400 و 500 بذر در متر مربع) به عنوان عامل دوم در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تیمارها بر ضریب خاموشی نور معنی­دار نبود. الگوی کشت مسطح با فواصل ردیف 17 سانتی­متر، به دلیل دارا بودن بیشترین تعداد سنبله در متر مربع و شاخص سطح برگ، سبب افزایش جذب تشعشع دریافتی، انتشار بهتر نور درون کانوپی و افزایش معنی­دار عملکرد دانه و عملکرد زیست­توده شد، اما بیشترین وزن هزار دانه از الگوی کشت پشته‌ای سه ردیفه به‌دست آمد. با افزایش میزان بذر، تعداد سنبله در متر مربع و شاخص کلروفیل افزایش یافت، اما عملکرد دانه، تعداد سنبلچه در سنبله و دانه در سنبله کاهش پیدا کرد. بالاترین عملکرد دانه با میانگین 1/5072 کیلوگرم در هکتار از الگوی کشت مسطح با فواصل ردیف 17 سانتی‌متر به‌دست آمد و مناسب‌ترین میزان بذر برای دستیابی به عملکرد بالا، 200 بذر در متر مربع بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Reaction of radiation interception, light extinction coefficient, yield and yield components of barley to planting pattern and seeding rate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mona Soleymani Abeyyat 1
  • Mohammad Reza Moradi Telavat 2
  • Seyyed Ataollah Siadat 3
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

To study the reaction of radiation interception, light extinction coefficient, yield and yield components of barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.), cultivar Jonoob, to planting pattern and seeding rate, an experiment was carried out in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran, during 2013-14 cropping season. This research was conducted as strip plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Four planting patterns (flat planting with 17 cm distance between rows, flat planting with 25 cm distance between rows, two rows on ridges with 50 cm wide and three rows on ridges with 50 cm wide) as first factor and four seeding rates (200, 300, 400 and 500 seeds per m2) as second factor were considered. Results showed that the effect of treatments on light extinction coefficient were not significant. Flat planting with 17 cm row distance, led to increase in radiation received, better distribution of light and significant increase of grain and biological yield, because maximum spike number per m2 and leaf area index. However, the maximum 1000 grain weight was obtained from three-rows on ridge. Spike number per m2 and chlorophyll index were decreased by increasing the seeding rate, but grain yield, spikelet number per spike and grain number per spike were decreased. The maximum grain yield (5072.1 kg.ha-1) was obtained from flat planting with 17 cm row distance and most appropriate seeding rate to obtain mazimum grain yield was 200 seeds per m2.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Index
  • LAI
  • Planting on the ridge
  • Row spacing
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