غربال سویه های Pseudomonas flourescens واجد ژن فنازین 1-کربوکسیلیک اسید و بررسی تاثیر آن در مهار زیستی بیماری پاخوره گندم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران

چکیده

پاخوره گندم با عامل قارچی Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici از عوامل بیماری­زای مهم گندم در کشور به­شمار می­رود. باکتری­های Pseudomonas flourescens از طریق کلونیزاسیون ریشه و تولید آنتی­بیوتیک در منطقه ریزوسفر در کنترل بسیاری از بیماری­های گیاهی به­ویژه بیماری­های خاکزاد موثر هستند. در مطالعه حاضر، 21 جدایه­ P. flourescensاز نظر وجود ژن­های دخیل در بیوسنتز فنازین 1-کربوکسیلیک اسید (phzC و phzD) از طریق آغازگرهای اختصاصی PCA2a و PCA3b در واکنش زنجیره­ای پلیمراز مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. توانایی تولید متابولیت­های ضد میکروبی نظیر سیدروفور و سیانید هیدروژن توسط این باکتری­ها و تأثیر باکتری­ها بر رشد قارچ در شرایط آزمایشگاهی نیز بررسی شد. در آزمایش گلخانه­ای، توانایی جدایه­های منتخب در کنترل پاخوره گندم در آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که جدایه­های باکتریایی قادر به تولید سیانید هیدروژن و سیدروفور در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بودند. نتایج آزمایش گلخانه­ای نشان داد که جدایه­های wt_20، eq1_3، wt1_65، eq1_4، 2_79، whm_3 و wbo2_7 با تأثیر مثبت بر تعدادی از شاخص­های رشد مانند طول ریشه/ شاخساره، وزن خشک/ وزن تر ریشه و شاخساره و نیز کاهش شاخص بیماری­زایی در کنترل بیماری پاخوره در گیاهان آلوده موثر بودند. در مجموع نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که از این باکتری­ها می­توان در مهار زیستی بیماری پاخوره استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Screening of P. fluorescens isolates containing phenazine 1-carboxylic acid (PHZ) gene to biocontrol of wheat take-all disease

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Khan-Ahmadi 1
  • Fereshteh Bayat 2
  • Fatemeh Jamali 3
  • Hamid-Reza Noor-Yazdan 2
1 M. Sc. Student, Dept. of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran
چکیده [English]

Wheat take-all disease caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is one of the serious wheat diseases in our country, Iran. The Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria by root colonization and antibiotic production ability are an important biologic control agent of soil born disease. In this study, presence of the phenazine 1-carboxylic acid synthase gene was tracked in 21 Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates via PCR using specific primers of PCA2a and PCA3b. Also, the ability of antimicrobial metabolites production by all of these bacterial isolates such as siderophore and hydrogen cyanide and influences on the growth of pathogenic fungi was investigated via in vitro culture. Ability of the selected bacterial isolates for controlling wheat take-all disease were tested in a greenhouse experiment using a completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that bacterial isolates were able to produce siderophore and hydrogen cyanide under in vitro conditions. The results of the greenhouse experiment showed that wt_20، eq1_3، wt1_65، eq1_4، 2_79، whm_3 و wbo2_7 isolates had positive effects on a number of wheat growth factors such as root/shoot length, root and shoot dry/fresh weight and also reduce in the pathogenicity index was effective in controlling take-all disease in effected plant. In total, the results of this research showed that P. fluorescens bacteria can be used to biologic control of the take-all disease.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biocontrol
  • Hydrogen cyanide
  • Root colonization
  • Siderophore
  • Soil born disease
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