تأثیر قارچ Piriformospora indica بر جذب و کارآیی مصرف نور و عملکرد دانه ارزن تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح‌ نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر قارچ Piriformospora indica بر جذب و کارآیی مصرف نور ارزن تحت شرایط تنش کم‌آبی، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا همدان طی دو سال زراعی (1393 و 1394) اجرا شد. عامل اصلی، آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از 60، 90 و 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر آب از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A) و عامل فرعی، قارچ P. indica در دو سطح (تلقیح بذر با قارچ و شاهد) بود. در هر دو سال با اعمال تنش کم‌آبی، سطح برگ و تجمع ماده خشک کاهش یافت. کاربرد قارچ در سطوح مختلف آبیاری، سبب افزایش سطح برگ و تجمع ماده خشک شد. بیش­ترین کارآیی مصرف نور (31/2 و 53/2 گرم بر مگاژول به‌ترتیب در سال اول و دوم) در گیاهان تلقیح‌شده با قارچ تحت شرایط بدون تنش کم‌آبی و کم­ترین مقدار آن (96/1 و 08/2 گرم بر مگاژول به‌ترتیب در سال اول و دوم) در گیاهان تلقیح‌نشده با قارچ (شاهد) تحت شرایط تنش شدید کم‌آبی به‌دست آمد. تنش شدید کم‌آبی، عملکرد دانه ارزن را 53/57 و 91/46 درصد به‌ترتیب در سال اول و دوم اجرای آزمایش کاهش داد. تلقیح با قارچ عملکرد دانه ارزن را تحت شرایط تنش شدید کم‌آبی، 34/35 و 50/32 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب در سال اول و دوم افزایش داد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تلقیح بذر با قارچ P. indica تأثیر مثبتی بر جذب و کارآیی مصرف نور ارزن در سطوح مختلف آبیاری داشت و موجب کاهش آثار تنش کم‌آبی و بهبود عملکرد ارزن شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of fungus Piriformospora indica on the grain yield, absorption and radiation use efficiency of millet under different irrigation regimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Goudarz Ahmadvand 1
  • somayeh hajinia 2
1 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran
2 Ph. D. Graduated, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effect of Piriformospora indica fungus on absorption and radiation use efficiency of millet under water stress, an experiment was carried out as a split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications in research field of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran, during 2014 and 2015. The main factor was irrigation in three levels (irrigation after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from pan class A) and sub factor was in two levels of fungus P. indica (inoculated and non-inoculated). In the both years, water stress decreased leaf area and dry matter accumulation of millet. Inoculation with fungus, increased leaf area and dry matter of millet plants in different irrigation levels. The highest radiation use efficiency (2.31 and 2.53 g.MJ-1 in 1st and 2nd years, respectively) was obtained in inoculated millet plants under well-watered, and the lowest (1.96 and 2.08 g.MJ-1 in 1st and 2nd years, respectively) was observed in non-inoculated plants under severe water stress. Severe water stress significantly decreased grain yield of millet in both 1st and 2nd years about 57.53 and 46.91 percent, respectively. Under severe water stress, inoculating increased grain yield by 35.34 and 32.50 percent in 1st and 2nd years, respectively, compared to control (non-inoculated). The results showed P. indica fungus, had a positive effect on absorption and radiation use efficiency of millet in different irrigation levels, so that the application of fungus mitigated the effects of water stress and improved the yield of millet under water stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Absorption radiation
  • Dry matter accumulation
  • Endophytic fungus
  • Grain yield
  • Water stress
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