تجزیه ژنتیکی صفات مهم زراعی در تعدادی از ارقام جو (Hordeumvulgare L.) تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

چکیده

در این تحقیق تجزیه ژنتیکی برخی از صفات مهم زراعی در تعدادی از ارقام جو تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوب (بدون تنش) و تنش خشکی با استفاده از روش دوم گریفینگ و GGEبای‌پلات مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. مواد گیاهی آزمایش شامل هفت رقم جو (والفجر، ماکویی، کویر، ریحان، گرکان-4، نصرت و نیمروز) و 21 هیبرید حاصل از تلاقی‌های دای‌آلل یک‌طرفه آن‌ها بود که با استفاده از طرح‌ بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار تحت دو شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و تنش خشکی در سال زراعی 95-1394 مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. میانگین مربعات ژنوتیپ‌ها برای تمامی صفاتمورد مطالعه به‌جز شاخص برداشت و ارتفاع بوته تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و شاخص برداشت، ارتفاع بوته و طول ریشک تحت شرایط تنش خشکی معنی‌دار بود. ترکیب‌پذیری خصوصی تلاقی­ها نیز برای تمامی صفات به‌جز قطر ساقه و طول بذر تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوبو عملکرد زیستی، طول سنبله، وزن صد دانه و طول پدانکل تحت شرایط تنش خشکی معنی‌دار بود.نمودار GGEبای‌پلات برای عملکرد دانه تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوب، 1/83 درصد و تحت شرایط تنش خشکی، 5/86 درصد از واریانس داده‌ها را تبیین کرد. ارزیابی ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی لاین­های مورد مطالعهتحت هر دو شرایط آبیاری مطلوبو تنش خشکی نشان داد کهبه­ترتیب لاین‌‌های نصرت، والفجر، کویر، نیمروز، ماکویی، ریحان و گرگان-‌4 دارای ترکیب­پذیری عمومی بالاتری بودند. بررسی ترکیب­پذیری خصوصی نیز نشان داد که لاین­های نصرت، ریحان و گرگان-‌4 تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوبو لاین­های نصرت و والفجر تحت شرایط تنش خشکی،ترکیب‌پذیری خصوصی بالاتری نسبت به سایر لاین‌ها داشتند. همچنین، هیبریدهای والفجر × نصرت و کویر × نصرت تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوبو هیبریدهای والفجر × نیمروز و کویر × نصرت تحت شرایط تنش خشکی بهترین هیبریدها در این تحقیق بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic analysis of important agronomic traits in some of barley (Hordeumvulgare L.) cultivars under normal and drought stressconditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Saremi Rad
  • Khodadad Mostafavi
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
چکیده [English]

In this research, the genetic analysis of some of the important agronomic traits in a number of barley cultivars was investigated under favorable irrigation (non-stress) and drought stress conditionsusing Griffing’s secondmethod and GGE-biplot. The plant materials consisted of seven barley cultivars (Valfajr, Makuei, Kavir, Reyhan, Gorgan-4, Nosrat and Nimrouz) and 21 hybrids derived from their half diallel crosses that were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications under two favorable irrigation and drought stress conditions in 2015-2016. Genotypic mean squares for all studied traits except for harvest index and plant height undernormal irrigation conditions and harvest index, plant height and awn length under drought stress conditions were significant. Specific combining ability (SCA) was also significant for all traits except for stem diameter and seed length under normal conditions and biological yield, spike length, 100-grain weight and peduncle length under drought stress conditions. GGE biplot graph for grain yield explained 83.1% and 86.5% of total varianceunder favorableirrigation and drought stress conditions, respectively. Evaluating the general combining ability (GCA) of the studied lines under both favorable irrigation and drought stress conditions showed that Nusrat, Valfajr, Kavir, Nimrouz, Makuei, Reyhan and Gorgan-4 lines had the higher GCA, respectively. Assessing the SCA also showed that Nosrat, Reyhan and Gorgan-4 lines under favorable irrigation conditions and Nosrat and Valfajr lines underdrought stress conditions had the higher SCA than the other lines.Also, Valfajr × Nosrat and Kavir × Nosrat hybrids under favorable irrigation conditions and Valfajr × Nimrouz and Kavir × Nosrat hybrids under drought stress conditionswere the best hybrids in this research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biplot
  • Combining ability
  • Diallel analysis
  • Grain yield
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