Abdul-Baki, A. A. and Anderson, J. D. 1973. Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria. Journal of Crop Science 13: 630-633.##Almagro, L., Gomez, L. V., Belchi-Navarro, S., Bru, R., Barcelo, A. and Pedreno, M. A. 2009. Class III peroxidases in plant defense reactions. Journal of Experimental Botany 60 (2): 377-390.##Amani, A. L. 2008. Cadmium induced changes in pigment content, ion uptake, proline content and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase activity in Triticum aestivum seedlings. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 2 (1): 57-62.##Barandeh, F., Kavousi, H. R. and Pourseyedi, Sh. 2014. Activity of antioxidant enzymes, PAL and proline content of lentil seedlings under cadmium stress. Proceedings of the First Conference on New Finding in Environment and Agriculture Ecosystems. November 22, 2014, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian).##Chin, L. 2007. Investigations into lead (Pb) accumulation in Symphytum officinale L.: A phytoremediation study. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Canterbury, New Zealand.##Cook, D., Fowler, S. and Fiehn, O. 2004. A prominent role for the CBF cold response pathway configuring the lowtemperature metabolome of Arabidopsis. PNAS (Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United Stats of America) 101 (42): 15243-15248.##Faiazan, S., Kausar, S. and Perveen, R. 2011. Varietal differences for cadmium-induced seedling mortality, foliar toxicity symptoms, plant growth, proline and nitrate reductase activity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Biology and Medicine 3: 196-206.##Gajewska, E. and Skłodowska, M. 2010. Differential effect of equal copper, cadmium and nickel concentration on biochemical reactions in wheat seedlings. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 73: 996-1003.##Ghiyasi, S., Karbassi, A., Moattar, F., Modabberi, S. and Sadough, M. B. 2010. Origin and concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural land around aluminum industrial complex. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 8 (3-4): 1237.##Giannopolitis,C. S. and Ries, S. K. 1977. Superoxide dismutases II. Purification and quantitative relationship with water-soluble protein in seedlings. Plant Physiology 59: 315-318.##Gill, S. S. and Tuteja, N. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant physiology and Biochemistry 48: 909-930.##Houshmandfar, A. and Moraghebi, F. 2011. Effect of mixed cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc on seed germination and seedling growth of safflower. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6 (5): 11821187.##Howladar, S. M. 2014. A novel Moringa oleifera leaf extract can mitigate the stress effects of salinity and cadmium in bean (Phaseoulus vulgaris L.) plants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 100: 69-75.##Jamal, S. N., Iqbal, M. Z. and Athar, M. 2006. Evaluation of two wheat varieties for phytotoxic effect of mercury on seed germination and seedling growth. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 71 (2): 41-44.##John, R., Ahmad, P., Gadgil, K. and Sharma, S. 2008. Effect of cadmium and lead on growth, biochemical parameters and uptake in Lemna polyrrhiza L. Plant, Soil and Environment 54: 262-270.##Kabir, M., Zafar Iqbal, M., Shafiq, M. and Farooqi, Z. R. 2008. Reduction in germination and seedlikg growth of (Thespesia populnea L.) caused by lead and cadmium treatments. Pakistanian Journal of Botany 40: 2419-2426.##Kazemi, G., Navabpour, S. and Ramezanpour, S. S. 2010. Evaluation of catalase gene expression and morphological traits in two wheat cultivar under salt stress. Modern Genetic Journal 1: 79-87. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Kranner, I. and Colville, L. 2011. Metals and seeds: Biochemical and molecular implications and their significance for seed germination. Environmental and Experimental Botany 72: 93-105.##Li, W., Khan M. A., Yamaguchi, S. and Kamiya, Y. 2007. Effects of heavy metals on seed germination and early seedling growth of Arabidopsisthaliana. PlantGrowthRegulation 46: 45-50.##Malecka, A., Piechalak, A., Mensinger, A., Hanć, A., Baralkiewicz, D. and Tomaszewska, B. 2012. Antioxidative defense system in Pisum sativum roots exposed to heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn). Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 21 (6): 1721-1730.##Marquez-Garsia, B., Marquez, C., Sanjose, I., Nieva, F. J., Rodriguez Rubio, P. and Munoz-Rodriguez, A. F. 2013. The effects of heavy metals on germination and seedling characteristics in two halophyte species in Mediterranean marshes. Marine Pollution Bulletin 70: 119-124.##Mishra, S., Srivastava, S., Tripathi, R., Kumar, R., Seth, C. and Gupta, D. 2006. Lead detoxification by coontail (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) involves induction of phytochelatins and antioxidant system in response to its accumulation. Chemosphere 65: 1027-1039.##Mishra, S., Tripathi, R. D., Dwivedi, S. and Trivedi, P. K. 2009. Thiol metabolism play significant role during cadmium detoxification by Ceratophyllum demersum L. Bioresource Technology 100: 2155-2161.##Mittler,R.2002. Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance. TrendsinPlantScience 7: 405-410.##Moaveni,P.2007. 1200 important points in wheat. Samen Al-Hojaj Publishing, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian).##Munzuroglu, O. and Geckil, H. 2002. Effect of metals on seed germination root elongation and coleoptiles and hypocotyls growth in Triticum aestivum and Cucumis salivus. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 43 (2): 203-213.##Nalilni, P. Chandra P. S. 2002. Effect of heavy metals Co+2, Ni+2 on growths and metabolism of cabbage. Plant Science 163: 753-758.##Peralta, J. R., Gardea-Torresdey, J. L., Tiemann, K. J., Gomez, E., Arteaga, S., Rascon, E. and Parsons, J. G. 2001. Uptake and effects of five heavy metals on seed germination and plant growth in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 66 (6): 727-734.##Ramezani, F., Shayanfar, A., Tavakkol Afshari, R. and Rashayi, K. 2014. Effects of silver, nickel, zinc and zinc-copper nanoparticles on germination, seedling establishment and enzyme activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seed. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science 45 (1): 107-118. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Sahu, G. K., Upadhyay, S. and Sahoo, B. B. 2012. Mercury induced phytotoxicity and oxidative stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 18 (1): 21-31.##Saraswat, K. 2017. Studies on the phyto-toxicity of heavy metal mercury on germination, early seedling growth and biochemical changes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Plant Physiology 1 (1): 22-38.##Saraswat, K., Parashar, N., Snehlata, Pathak, A. and Sharma R. 2018. Studies on the phyto-toxicity of heavy metal mercury in wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.).I: Germination percentage (GP) and speed of germination index (SGI). Modern Concepts and Developments in Agronomy 2 (5): 1-19.##Shafiq, M., Iqbal, M. Z. and Athar, M. 2008. Effect of lead and cadmium germination and seedling growth of Leucaena leucocephala. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management 12 (2): 61-66.##Sharma, A., Jha, A. M., Dubey, R. S. and Pessarakli, M. 2012. Reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, and antioxidative defense mechanism in plant under stressful conditions. Journal of Botany 26: 1-26.##Shi, Q., Ding, F., Wang, X. and Wei, M. 2007. Exogenous nitric oxide protect cucumber roots against oxidative stress induced by salt stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 45: 542-550.##Soltani, A., Gholipoor, M. and Zeinali, E. 2006. Seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of wheat as affected by drought and salinity. Environmental and Experimental Botany 55: 195-200.##Sobral-Souza, C., Leite, N.F., Cunha, F.A.B.,Pinho,A.I.,Albuquerque, R.S.,Carneiro, J.N.P., Menezes, I. R. A., Costa, J. G. M., Franco, J. L. and Coutinho, H. D. M. 2014. Cytoprotective effect against mercury chloride and bioinsecticidal activity of Eugenia jambolanaLam. Arabian JournalChemistry 7 (1): 165-170.##Tavili, A., Saberi, M., Shariari, A. and Heidari, M. 2013. Salicylic acid effect on Bromus tomentellus germination and initial growth properties under cadmium stress. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology) 26 (2): 208-216. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Tewari, R. K., Kumar, P. and Sharma, P. N. 2005. Sign of oxidative stress in the chlorotic leaves of iron starved plants. Plant Science 169: 1037-1045.##Xiong, Z. T. 1998. Lead uptake and effects on seed germination and plant growth in a Pb hyperaccumulator Brassica pekinensis Rupr. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 60: 285-291.##Yousefi, Z., Kolahi, M., Majd, A. and Jonoubi, P. 2018. Cadmium effect on morphologic-anatomic characteristics and pigmentation of sugarcane (Saccarum officinarum L.) var Cp48-103 in vitro culture. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology) 31 (4): 769-781.##YU Da. 2002. Effects of heavy metal ions-Hg~(2+) on young bud growth and seed germination of wheat. Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology 22: 1220-1222.##Zhou, Z. S, Huang, S. Q., Gou, K., Mehta, S. K., Zhang, P. C. and Yang, Z. M. 2007. Metabolic adaptations to mercury-induced oxidative stress in roots of Medicago sativa L. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 101 (1): 1-9.##Zhou, Z. S, Wang, S. J. and Yang, Z. M. 2008. Biological detection and analysis of mercury toxicity to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). plants. Chemosphere 70 (8): 1500-1509.##