تأثیر محلول پاشی اسید ‌سالیسیلیک و سلنیوم بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم دیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه زراعت، واحد ساوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساوه، ایران

2 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، واحد ساوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساوه، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثرات محلول­پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک و سلنیوم بر ویژگی­های زراعی و درصد پروتئین دانه گندم دیم رقم سرداری، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل محلول­پاشی اسید ‌سالیسیلیک به مقدار یک میلی­مول در مراحل آبستنی (تورم انتهایی)، گلدهی (گرده‌افشانی) و خمیری شدن دانه همراه با شاهد (محلول‌پاشی با آب) و محلول­پاشی سلنیوم به مقدار 18 گرم در هکتار در سه مرحله ساقه­دهی، سنبله­دهی و شیری شدن دانه همراه با شاهد (محلول‌پاشی با آب) بود. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که هر دو ماده اسید ‌سالیسیلیک و سلنیوم موجب بهبود صفات مورد مطالعه شدند، به­طوری­که محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک در مرحله گلدهی دارای بیش­ترین عملکرد زیستی (9202 کیلوگرم بر هکتار) و پروتئین دانه (3/11 درصد) و محلول‌پاشی سلنیوم در مراحل سنبله‌دهی و ساقه‌دهی دارای بیش­ترین عملکرد زیستی، طول سنبله، پروتئین دانه و تعداد پنجه بود. همچنین، مصرف توأم اسید سالیسیلیک و سلنیوم نسبت به مصرف جداگانه آن­ها نتایج بهتری بر ارتفاع گیاه، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم داشت، به‌طوری‌که بیش­ترین عملکرد دانه، تعداد سنبله و تعداد دانه در سنبله در تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک- سلنیوم در مراحل گلدهی- ساقه‌دهی و آبستنی- ساقه‌دهی مشاهده شد. بنابراین، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که محلول­پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک در مراحل آبستنی و گلدهی همراه با محلول­پاشی سلنیوم در مراحل ساقه­دهی و سنبله‌دهی، بهترین تیمارهای این آزمایش بودند و جهت بهبود عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم دیم پیشنهاد می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and selenium on yield and yield components of dry land wheat

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtaba Yousefi Rad 1
  • Hadi Safa 2
1 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
2 Graduated M. Sc., Dept. of Agronomy, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid and selenium on agronomic characteristics and grain protein content of dry land wheat, Sardari variety, a experiment factorial was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors were foliar application of 1 mM salicylic acid at of booting, flowering and dough developmental stages along with control (spraying with water), and foliar application of 18 g/ha selenium at stem elongation, heading (spike emergence) and milk developmental stages along with control (spraying with water). The results showed that both salicylic acid and selenium improved the studied traits, so that foliar application of salicylic acid at flowering stage had the highest biological yield (9202 kg/ha) and grain protein (11.3%), and foliar application of selenium at heading and stem elongation stages had the highest biological yield, spike length, grain protein content and number of tillers. Also, combined application of salicylic acid and selenium compared to their separate application had better results on plant height, yield and yield components of wheat, so that the highest grain yield, number of spikes and number of grains per spike were observed in foliar application of salicylic acid-selenium at flowering-stem elongation and booting-stem elongation stages. Therefore, the results of this study showed that foliar application of salicylic acid at booting and flowering stages along with foliar application of selenium at stem elongation and heading stages were the best treatments in this experiment and it is recommended to improve the yield and yield components of dry land wheat.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agronomic characteristics
  • Grain yield
  • Growth and development
  • Protein percentage
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