نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه بیوتکنولوژی و بهنژادی گیاهی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی و بهنژادی گیاهی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران
3 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، معاونت سرارود، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران
4 استادیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
5 دانشیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی و بهنژادی گیاهی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. Durum) is the only tetraploid wheat species with high nutritional values. Regarding the high adaptability of this cereal crop to the Mediterranean conditions, achieving high-performance and stable varieties has a critical role in expanding the cultivation areas followed by increasing its production. Evaluation of genetic diversity is the main foundation of any breeding program, that can provide useful information about population structure as well as growth and agronomic characteristics of the studied genetic materials. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the genetic diversity in a set of durum wheat genotypes in terms of some agronomic and morphological traits.
Materials and methods
In this study, the diversity of morphological and agronomic traits of 172 durum wheat genotypes along with four check cultivars including Saji, Zahab, Sepand and Tabesh were investigated under rainfed conditions during two cropping seasons (2022-2023 and 2023-2024). The experiment was conducted in an augmented design with seven incomplete blocks. To investigate the genetic diversity, some genetic statistics including environmental, phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, broad sense heritability, genetic gain and mean-based genetic gain were calculated. Furthermore, multi-trait genotype-idiotype distance index (MGIDI) was used to identify the superior genotypes for all measured traits. A two-way genotype-trait dendrogram based on cluster analysis was also used to group the studied genotypes and traits.
Research findings
The results of this experiment showed that there were significant differences among the studied genotypes for number of days to heading, grain filling period, plant height, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield. Grain yield and yield components had the highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV, respectively). Broad-sense heritability was also estimated to be moderate to high for most of the measured traits in both years. The highest genetic gain was observed for grain yield and plant height in the first year and 1000-kernel weight, number of spikes, and spike density in the second year. The results of MGIDI index identified 26 genotypes (No. 5, 8, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21, 26, 51, 81, 86, 87, 91, 92, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 102, 103, 155, 158, 163, 166, and 174) as superior genotypes. These genotypes had significant superiority over other genotypes in this experiment in terms of all measured traits. The results of cluster analysis also distiguished the superior genotypes identified by the MGIDI index from other genotypes and grouped them in a separate cluster.
Conclusion
According to the results of multi-trait genotype-idiotype distance index and grouping of cluster analysis, genotypes 102, 100, 92, 87, 21, 174, 86, 8, 14, and 5 can be recommended as the superior and ideal genotypes of this experiment for use in future breeding programs in durum wheat.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
)