ارزیابی تحمل به شوری تعدادی از ژنوتیپ‌های برنج تحت شرایط غرب استان گیلان (آستارا)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه کشاورزی، واحد آستارا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آستارا، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، واحد آستارا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آستارا، ایران

3 استاد، دانشگاه دولتی باکو، باکو، جمهوری آذربایجان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی و مقایسه میزان تحمل به شوری ده رقم برنج، دو آزمایش جداگانه در دو مزرعه با خاک شور و غیرشور در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط اقلیمی غرب گیلان- آستارا طی دو سال زراعی  و 13891388 اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده­ها نشان داد که بین شرایط تنش، بین ارقام و نیز اثر متقابل رقم × تنش اختلاف معنی‌داری از نظر عملکرد دانه در سطح احتمال یک درصد وجود داشت. مقایسه میانگین عملکرد ارقام در دو شرایط نشان داد که ارقام غریب سیاه­ریحانی و هاشمی بدون اختلاف معنی‌دار با هم بیشترین و رقم IR29 کمترین میزان عملکرد دانه را داشتند. مقایسه میانگین اثر متقابل رقم × تنش نشان داد که ارقام غریب سیاه­ریحانی و حسن­سرایی آتشگاه تحت شرایط بدون تنش و رقم هاشمی تحت شرایط تنش شوری بالاترین عملکرد دانه را تولید کردند و کم­ترین عملکرد دانه نیز متعلق به رقم IR29 تحت هر دو شرایط تنش و بدون تنش بود. شاخص تحمل به تنش در رقم هاشمی نسبت به سایر ارقام بیشتر بود. تجزیه به مولفه‌های اصلی بر اساس عملکرد دانه و شاخص­های تحمل و حساسیت به تنش، دو مولفه اصلی با مقادیر ویژه بزرگ‌تر از یک شناسایی کرد که 9/99 درصد از تغییرات کل جمعیت مورد مطالعه را توجیه کردند. پراکنش ارقام مطالعه شده بر اساس بای‌پلات حاصل از عملکرد دانه و شاخص‌های حساسیت و تحمل به تنش، ارقام هاشمی، طارم امیری، طارم پاکوتاه و غریب سیاه­ریحانی را متحمل و IR29 را رقم حساس به شوری معرفی کرد. ارقام متحمل جهت اصلاح تحمل به شوری در برنامه­های به­نژادی پیشنهاد می­شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of salinity tolerance in some of rice genotypes under west region of Guilan province (Astara)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzin Saeidzadeh 1
  • Reza Taghizadeh 2
  • Elshad Gurbanov 3
1 Lecturer, Dept. of Agriculture, Astara Branch, Islamic Azad University, Astara, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agriculture, Astara Branch, Islamic Azad University, Astara, Iran
3 Prof., Baku State University, Baku, Republic of Azarbaijan
چکیده [English]

To evaluate and compare different rice genotypes under salinity conditions, two separate experiments under two salinity and non-salinity fields were conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in west of Guilan province (Astara) during 2009-2010. Results of the analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences between the salinity conditions, varieties and variety × stress interaction effect for grain yield at the 1% probability level. Mean comparison of the total grain yield indicated that the varieties Gharib-Siahreihani and Hashemi had the highest and IR29 the lowest grain yield. Mean comparison of variety × salinity interaction effect showed that the highest grain yield under non-salinity condition belonged to Gharib-Siahreihani and Hasansaraei-Atashgah while under salinity condition, Hashemi produced higher grain yield. In contrast, the lower grain yield under both stress and non-stress conditions belonged to IR29 variety. Hashemi variety had the higher stress tolerance index than the other varieties. Principal component analysis based on grain yield and stress tolerance and susceptibility indices identified two principal components with eigen values greater than one explaining 99.9 % of the total variance in the studied population. Distribution of the studied cultivars based on biplot of the grain yield and these indices presented Hashemi, Tarom-Amiri, Tarom-Pakotah and Garib-Siahreihani as tolerant varieties and IR29 as sensitive variety to salinity stress. Tolerant varieties are recommended to improve salinity tolerance in the rice breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climatic conditions
  • Grain yield
  • Stress tolerance indices
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