Evaluating the relationships between grain yield and important agronomic traits in cultivars and promising lines of grain sorghum under non-stress and drought stress irrigation regimes

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph. D. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

3 Assist. Prof., Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

Abstract

 To evaluate the relationships between grain yield and some important agronomic traits in grain sorghum cultivars and promising lines, an experiment was conducted as a split plots arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute, Karaj, Iran, during two growing seasons 2013-2014. Irrigation treatments as the main factor at three levels (normal irrigation or non-stress, mild water stress and severe water stress) and genotypes as sub-factor at five levels (Kimya, Sepideh, KGS15, KGS23, and KGS32) were considered. The results of combined analysis of variance for morphologic and yield traits showed that there was the significant differences at 1% probability level among the genotypes for all studied traits. Evaluation of the stress tolerance index (STI) and geometric mean productivity (GMP) showed that the genotypes Kimiya and KGS23 with grain yield of 9162.5 and 8521.9 kg.ha-1, respectively under non-stress and 6644.0 and 6578.0 kg.ha-1, respectively under severe stress conditions, were determined as tolerant genotypes in this research. The results of genetic correlation coefficients among traits under normal and stress conditions indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between grain yield and panicle length, stem diameter, panicle weight, fresh forage yield, biologic yield, number of grain per panicle and 1000-grain weight. The result of path analysis for grain yield showed that panicle weight and 1000-grain weight had a considerable positive direct effect on grain yield under both non-stress and drought stress conditions, but biologic yield had a little negative direct effect under non-stress and a high positive direct effect under drought stress. Therefore, indirect selection using panicle weight and 1000-grain weight is recommended for improving grain yield of sorghum.

Keywords

References

Azari-Nasrabad, A. and Ramazani, S. H. R. 2011. Correlation and path analysis in yield and its components in grain sorghum cultivars. Electronic Journal of Crop Production 4 (2): 51-62. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Bittinger, T. S., Cantrell, R. P., Axtell, I. D. and Nyquist, W. E. 1981. Analysis of quantitative traits in PP9 random mating sorghum population. Crop Science 21: 664-669.##Bouslama, M. and Schapaugh, W. T. 1984. Stress tolerance in soybean. Part 1: Evaluation of three screening techniques for heat and drought tolerance. Crop Science 24: 933-937.##Clarke, J. M. and McCaig, T. N. 1982. Evaluation of techniques for screening for drought resistance in wheat. Crop Science 22: 503-506.##Dewey, D. R. and Lu, K. H. 1959. A correlation and path coefficient analysis of components of crested wheat grass seed production. Agronomy Journal 51: 515-518.##Eberhart, S. A. and Russel, W. A. 1966. Stability parameters for comparing varieties. Crop Science 6: 36-40.##Estilai, A., Ehdaie, B., Naqvi, H. H., Dierig, D. A., Ray, D. T. and Thompson, A. E. 1992. Correlation and path analysis of agronomic traits in guayule. Crop Science 32: 953-957.##Ezeeku, I. E. and Mohamed, S. G. 2006. Character association and path analysis in grain sorghum. African Journal of Biotechnology 5 (14): 1337-1340.##FAO.  2013. FAO data base [online]. Food and Agricultural Organization. Available at http://faostat.fao.org##Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D. and Basra, S. M. A. 2009. Plant drought stress: Effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 29: 185-212.##Farshadfar, E. 1998. Application of quantitative genetic in plant breeding. University of Razi Press, Kermanshah, Iran. (In Persian).##Fernandez, G. C. 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. In: Kuo, C.G. (Ed.). Proceedings of the International Symposium on Adaptation of Vegetables and Other Food Crops in Temperature and Water Stress. Tainan, Taiwan.##Ferrari, E. and Fernandez, J. M.  1986. Genetic variability in sunflower and soybean under drought. I: Yield relationships. Australian Journal of Agriculture Research 37: 573-583.##Fischer, R. A. and Maurer, R. 1978. Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. Part 1: Grain yield response. Australian Journal of Agriculture Research 29: 897-912.##Gavazzi, P., Rizza, F., Palumbo, M., Campaline, R. G., Ricciardi, G. L. and Borghi, B. 1997. Evaluation of field and laboratory of drought and heat stress in winter cereals. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77: 523-531.##Lothrop, J. E., Atkins, R. E. and Smith, O. S. 1985. Variability for yield and yield components in LAIR grain sorghum random mating population. 1: Means, variance components and heritabilities. Crop Science 25: 235-240.##Moghaddam, A. and Hadizade, M. H.  2002.  Response of corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids and their parental lines to drought using different stress tolerance indices. Plant and Seed Journal 18 (3): 255-272. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Naderi, A., Majidi-Hervan, E., Hashemi-Dezfoli, A., Rezaei, A. and Nourmohammadi, G. 2000. Efficiency analysis of indices for tolerance to environmental stresses in field crops and introduction of a new index. Plant and Seed Journal 15 (4): 390-402. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Pourmoradi, S. and Mirzaie-Nadoushan, H. 2011. Path analysis of morphological traits and forage yield on several populations of lolium species. Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research 18 (2): 345-362. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Rao, G. N. 1983. Statistics for agricultural science. Oxford and IBH Pub. Co., London.##Roshdi, M. and Rezadost, S. 2005. Study of different irrigation levels on qualitative and quantities traits of sunflower. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resource 46 (5): 1241-1250. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Rosielle, A. and Hamblin, J. 1981. Theoretical aspects of selection for yield in stress and non-stress environment. Crop Science 21: 943-946.##Shafazadeh, M. K., Yazdansepas, A.  Amini, A. and Ghannadha, M. R. 2004. Study of terminal drought tolerance in promising winter and facultative wheat genotypes using stress susceptibility and tolerance indices. Seed and Plant Journal 20 (1): 57-71. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Williams, W. A., Jones, M. B. and Demment, M. W. 1990. A concise table for path analysis statistics. Agronomy Journal 82: 1022-1024.
Cereal Research
Volume 7, Issue 1
June 2017
Pages 129-141

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics