Heterotic grouping and prediction of hybrids performance in maize using SNP markers

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

3 Assist Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

Abstract

The production of hybrid cultivars is one of the most major maize breeding methods, which can be facilitated based on the heterotic grouping of cultivars. In this study, 93 maize inbred lines from different sources were grouped into two different heterotic groups based on SNP markers data. Then, six selected inbred lines from these two heterotic groups along with B73 MO17 as check inbred lines were crossed in a complete diallel crosses, and the grain yield of 64 produced hybrids were evaluated in a simple lattice design with three replications at the Urmia Tobacco Research Center, Urmia, West Azarbaijan province, Iran. Based on the grain yield of these F1 hybrids and the SNP markers data, grain yield of 1566 hybrids, which can be potentially produced from the cross of individuals of two heterotic groups, was predicted using a mixed linear model. The results showed that the hybrid H50 (1_4×18_2) had higher grain yield than the check hybrid SC704. Since this hybrid (H50) was early maturity compared to SC704 hybrid (as the dominant hybrid in the region), so if this result is confirmed in the other complementary experiments, it can be introduced as a new hybrid. To obtain the complementary results, 13 superior hybrids of the current study including H4, H9, H10, H11, H17, H18, H38, H41, H42, H45, H47, H49 and H50 along with three check hybrids, Simon, SC703 and SC704, were re-evaluated under environmental conditions of Karaj region, Alborz province, Iran. The results showed that although the check hybrids SC703, Simon and SC704 had high yields with an average of 12.63, 12.01 and 10.64 ton/ha, respectively, however, H50 hybrid with an average of 10.50 ton/ha not only had a desirable grain yield, but also showed fewer days to tasseling and silking compared to the check hybrids. Therefore, H50 as the superior hybrid of this experiment is suggested for evaluation in the regional trials to introduce as a new early maturity and high-yielding hybrid.

Keywords


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