Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Gorgan University
2
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Dept. Gorgan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
3
Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
10.22124/cr.2024.27777.1826
Abstract
Introduction: Salinity is one of the important limiting factors in the production of all agricultural products in many different regions of the world. In a salty environment, the absorption of nutrients in plants decreases. The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the expression pattern of P5CS and P5CR genes and investigating some physiological traits in two wheat cultivars (Ehsan and Baharan) under salt stress.
Materials and methods: An experiment was designed with a factorial split plot design in the form of a randomized complete block design with four replications, and 32 pots were filled with cocopeat + perlite in a ratio of 2:1. After the plants reached the growth stage of tillering and stem formation, 5 plants (as samples) were taken from each test pot and biochemical traits including chlorophyll, proline, cell oxidation index, potassium and sodium were measured in both stages of plant growth. . Also, the expression of some genes, including P5CS and P5CR, was evaluated using leaf samples.
Findings of the research: The results showed that the amount of cell oxidation in the cultivars decreases with the application of salt stress in the examined growth stages (the stage of leaf formation and stem formation), which can indicate that the amount of destruction in the components The membrane is very small during stress. In the investigation of the content of chlorophyll a and b, we saw a decrease in the amount of chlorophyll in the cultivars, and this decrease was more noticeable in the growth stage of tillering. Examining the amount of catalase superoxide dismutase enzyme in both Ehsan and Baharan cultivars showed an increasing trend, especially during the stem formation stage in Ehsan cultivar, the amount of this enzyme increased significantly. In the analysis of the amount of sodium during the salt stress of both cultivars, we encountered an increase in the amount of this ion during the growth stages, but the amount of potassium in the Ehsan variety decreased during the salt stress, while this amount increased in the Baharan variety. Examining the amount of proline during salinity stress showed that the amount increased with the increase in soil salinity, which has a direct relationship with the activity of genes involved in its biosynthesis, namely P5CS and P5CR. As the activity (expression) of these two genes increased, the amount of proline also increased, which indicates its positive effect on increasing plant resistance to salt stress. At the same time, it was found that the Ehsan cultivar has a better performance and response under the influence of salinity stress than the Baharan cultivar.
Conclusion: Considering all the biochemical factors considered as well as the gene expression evaluation, it can be concluded that Ehsan variety can be introduced as a resistant variety under salinity stress conditions and in the future programs of Behnjad Gran as A salt tolerant cultivar should be used.
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