Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Agricultural and Horticultural Research Expert, Ardabil Province Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
2
Assistant Professor, Ardabil Province Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
3
Associate Professor, Institute of Seed and Seedling Breeding and Production Research
10.22124/cr.2026.33358.1898
Abstract
Introduction: Among the environmental stresses affecting agricultural crops, water stress is considered to be one of the most common and challenging stresses worldwide. Wheat is considered the most important crop among cereals due to its essential role in the agricultural economy of countries. The use of drought tolerance indices in the study of tolerant and sensitive cultivars and lines was investigated on 20 wheat cultivars and lines with the aim of introducing high-yielding tolerant cultivars and lines under late-season drought stress conditions (withdrawal of irrigation after earing) and without stress.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design in two crop years 1401-1402 and 1400-1401 at the Alarouq Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station, Ardabil province. The cultivars and lines used in this experiment included 20 bread wheat genotypes (common) that were obtained from the Grain Gene Bank of the Iranian Seed and Seedling Research and Improvement Institute. The genotypes were cultivated in the field in two environments: normal (no moisture stress) and moisture stress (withdrawal of irrigation after heading) in crop years 1401-1400 and 1402-1401.
Results and Discussion: In this experiment, the cultivar (Heyran) had the highest average grain yield (4044.6 kg/ha) and treatment number 13 (KINGBIRD/BILINMIYEN96.7) had the lowest (3010.4 kg/ha) in the two years of the experiment. The indices YSI, YI, STI, K2STI, GMP, STI, DI and MP had a positive and significant correlation with grain yield under stress conditions, while in non-stress conditions, the highest correlation with grain yield was obtained from the indices K1STI, MP, GMP, STI and TOL. The studied cultivars and lines were divided into two clusters based on grain yield, with 11 wheat cultivars and lines in the first cluster and 9 wheat lines and cultivars in the second cluster. Based on the biplot drawn based on the first and second principal components, treatments 1, 2, 9, 10 and 11 were located in the area with high production potential and low sensitivity to drought and in the vicinity of the vectors related to the STI, MP, GMP, HM, K1STI and K2STI indices.
Conclusions: Overall, based on the ranking and considering the correlation coefficients and biplot drawing based on the components, treatments 1, 2, 9, 10 and 11 were classified as genotypes with high yield in both conditions (stress and non-stress) and having high STI, and were classified in Fernandez group A and were introduced as tolerant to water deficit stress.
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