Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Agricultural and Horticultural Research Expert, Ardabil Province Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
2
Assistant Professor, Ardabil Province Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
3
Associate Professor, Institute of Seed and Seedling Breeding and Production Research
10.22124/cr.2026.33358.1898
Abstract
Water stress is one of the most common and challenging stresses around the world. More than 67% of wheat cultivation in Iran belongs to rainfed cultivation, which always faces the stress of water shortage, so the selection of wheat cultivars compatible with dry and semi-arid conditions of the country is considered important and inevitable in order to sustain the production of this strategic product. In this experiment, including 20 wheat cultivars and lines that were prepared from Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center and Iran's National Plant Gene Bank were investigated. These treatments were grown in the field in two normal environments (no moisture stress) and severe moisture stress in the crop years 1401-1401 and 1401-402. The experiment was carried out in each of the humidity levels in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each experimental unit consisted of 4 planting lines with a distance of 25 cm and a length of 120 cm, and the distances between the units were considered to be 35 cm. The distance between the plants on the row was considered to be three centimeters. 10 plants were randomly selected from each experimental unit in the physiological treatment stage and after separating the seeds, their weight was measured and the average seed yield per plant was calculated. Different indexes of tolerance to stress were calculated according to the relevant formulas in order to evaluate the response of genotypes to drought stress separately for two years of testing. In order to estimate the relationship between seed yield and tolerance indices, correlation coefficient was used. StatGraphics software was used to calculate correlation coefficients between traits and draw biplot diagrams. Based on correlation coefficient YSI, YI, STI, K2STI, GMP, STI, DI and MP indices had a positive and significant correlation with grain yield under stress conditions, while in non-stress conditions, the highest correlation with grain yield was from K1STI, MP, GMP, STI and TOL indices was obtained. The studied cultivars and lines were divided into two clusters based on grain yield, so that 11 wheat genotypes were placed in the first cluster and 9 wheat genotypes were placed in the second cluster. Based on the biplot drawn based on the first and second principal components, treatments numbers 1, 2, 9, 10 and 11 in the area with high production potential and low sensitivity to drought and in the vicinity of the vectors related to STI, MP, GMP, HM, K1STI and K2STI indicators were placed. In general, based on the ranking and according to the correlation coefficients and biplot drawing, treatments No. 1, 2, 9, 10 and 11 as genotypes with high performance in both conditions (stressed and non-stressed) and having STI above, placed in Fernandez's group A and subjected to water deficit stress.
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