تجزیه پایداری ژنوتیپ‌های گندم نان (Triticum aestivum L.) با روش GGE biplot

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

نمودار بای­پلات حاصل از اثر ژنوتیپ و برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط که برای بررسی پایداری ژنوتیپ­ها استفاده می­شود، GGE biplot نامیده می­شود. در این روش، گزینش ارقام پایدار بر اساس هر دو اثر ژنوتیپ و برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط انجام می­گیرد. در این تحقیق، پایداری 18 ژنوتیپ گندم نان در شش محیط (سه سال و دو شرایط محیطی، آبی و دیم) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار تحت هر دو شرایط دیم و آبی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه طی سال­های زراعی (1391-1389) و (1394-1393) انجام شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس مرکب نشان داد که اثر محیط 1/80 درصد، اثر ژنوتیپ 16/10 درصد و برهمکنش ژنوتیپ × محیط 74/9 درصد از تغییرات کل را توجیه کردند. ژنوتیپ­های پیشتاز و WC-4530 نزدیک­ترین ژنوتیپ به ژنوتیپ ایده­آل بودند. به­دلیل همبستگی بالای بین محیط­های E3 (مکان دیم، 91-90) و E4 (مکان آبی، 91-90) و E1 (مکان دیم، 90-89)، E2 (مکان آبی،90 -89) و E5 (مکان دیم، 94-93)، این محیط­ها به­عنوان محیط­های مشابه شناسایی شدند. بررسی هم­زمان پایداری و عملکرد ژنوتیپ­ها نشان داد که ژنوتیپ WC-4530 ژنوتیپ پایدار و عملکرد بالا است. بررسی نمودار چندضلعی منجر به شناسایی سه محیط کلان و پنج ژنوتیپ برتر شد و در هر محیط هم ژنوتیپ سازگار با آن محیط تعیین شد. تمام محیط­های آزمایش از قدرت تفکیک خوبی برخودار بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Stability analysis of bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) by GGE biplot

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tayebeh Jafari 1
  • Ezatollah Farshadfar 2
1 M. Sc. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biplot related to the effects of genotype and genotype × environment is called GGE biplot. This method is used to assess the stability of genotypes. In this methodology, selection of sustainable varieties is based on genotype and genotype by environment interaction effects. In this research, the stability of 18 bread wheat genotypes was investigated in six environments (three years and two environmental conditions, irrigated and rainfed). The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications under both conditions in experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, during three years (2010-2012 and 2014-2015). The results of combined analysis of variance showed that the environment, genotype and genotype by environment interaction effects were 75%, 5.9% and 14.9% of total variance, respectively. Pishtaz and WC-4530 genotypes were the nearest genotypes to ideal genotype. Due to the high correlation between E1 (rainfed condition, 2010-2011) and E2 (irrigated condition, 2010-2011) and among E5 (rainfed condition, 2014-2015), E3 (rainfed condition, 2011-2012) and E4 (irrigated condition, 2011-2012), these environments were identified as similar environments. Simultaneous evalution of stability and yield of the studied genotypes showed that WC-4530 is stable and high yielding genotype. View of polygon graph revealed five superior genotypes and three mega-environments, and the compatible genotypes were determined for each mega-environment. All experimental environments had good differentiation ability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genotype by environment interaction
  • Ideal genotype
  • Mega environment
  • Specific compatibility
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