مطالعه اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ × محیط در ژنوتیپ‌های برنج از طریق GGE بای‌پلات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

چکیده

روش GGE بای‌پلات با بهره‌گیری از روش‌های چند متغیره، علاوه بر تجزیه و تحلیل مناسب داده‌ها، کار تفسیر نتایج را تسهیل می‌کند. در این آزمایش تعداد 10 رقم محلی و اصلاح شده با دارا بودن خصوصیات کمی و کیفی مطلوب در قالب طرح بلوک‌های‌کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سه منطقه رشت، آبکنار و چپرسر طی دو سال زراعی 1392 و 1393 مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل از روش GGE بای‌پلات نشان داد که شش ژنوتیپ BC25، BC4، RI18446-13، RI18435-13، حسنی و آبجی‌بوجی در رأس چند ضلعی قرار گرفتند و بیشترین فاصله را از مرکز بای‌پلات داشتند و بنابراین، از نظر عملکرد دانه بهترین یا ضعیف‌ترین ژنوتیپ­ها در همه محیط‌ها و یا حداقل در تعدادی از محیط‌های مورد مطالعه بودند. در این مطالعه، ژنوتیپ‌های BC9، BC25، RI18436-46 و صالح دارای عملکرد و پایداری زیاد، BC4 دارای عملکرد زیاد و پایداری متوسط، RI18446-13 دارای عملکرد زیاد و پایداری کم، RI18435-13 دارای عملکرد و پایداری کم، حسنی دارای عملکرد کم و پایداری متوسط و آبجی‌بوجی و RI18430-74 دارای عملکرد کم و پایداری زیاد بودند. در مجموع بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، لاین BC4 (حاصل تلاقی برگشتی رقم آبجی‌بوجی به عنوان والد دوره­ای و رقم صالح به عنوان والد بخشنده)، که دارای پایداری متوسط و عملکرد دانه قابل قبول (5/5-5 تن در هکتار) بود، با برخورداری از میزان آمیلوز متوسط (21-20 درصد)، دوره رشد مناسب (115-110 روز) و ارتفاع بوته مطلوب (110-105 سانتی‌متر)، به عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر (پرمحصول و پایدار) این آزمایش انتخاب شد که جهت کشت در شرایط محیطی استان­های شمالی کشور پیشنهاد می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Genotype × environment interaction effect in rice genotypes using GGE Biplot

نویسنده [English]

  • Mehrzad Allahgholipour
Assist. Prof., Rice Research Institute of Iran Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The GGE (genotype main effect, G and genotype by environment interaction, GEI) biplot graphical tool was applied to analyze multi-environment trials (MET) data. In this study, eight improved and local rice genotypes including two rice cultivars as check were evaluated with the objective of selecting stable and high-yielding varieties by GGE biplot analysis. According to which-won-where pattern of GGE biplot the vertex genotypes were BC25, BC4, RI18446-13, Hassani, Abjiboji and RI18435-13. These genotypes were the best or the poorest genotypes in some or all of the test environments since they had the longest distance from the origin of the biplot. The performance of genotypes BC9, BC25, RI18436-46 and Saleh were highly stable and had the highest grain yield, while genotype BC4 was high yielding with intermediate stability. In addition, performance of genotype RI18446-13 was lowly stable with the high grain yield and genotype RI18435-13 was poor based on both stability and yield. But the performance of genotype Hassani was intermediate stable with low grain yield, while genotypes Abjiboji and RI18430-74 were highly stable with low yielding. Totally, the results of this research showed that BC4 line (derived from a backcross between Abjiboji cultivar as recurrent parent and Saleh cultivar as donor parent) with high grain yield (5.0-5.5 t.ha-1), suitable maturity time (110-115 days), intermediate amylose content (20-21 %) and desirable plant height (105-110 cm) was the superior genotype of this experiment which is recommended to cultivate in environmental conditions of the north provinces of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain yield
  • Multi-environment trials
  • Stability
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