ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی و روابط بین صفات در لاین های پیشرفته سورگوم دو منظوره علوفه ای- دانه ای تحت رژیم کم آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1- دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نبات، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد

3 3- استادیار پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور ارزیابی تحمل به تنش کم­آبیاری در لاین­های پیشرفته سورگوم دو منظوره علوفه­ای و دانه­ای، آزمایشی به­صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج اجرا شد. در این آزمایش، آبیاری به­عنوان عامل اصلی در دو سطح شامل 120 و 240 میلی­متر تبخیر تجمعی از سطح تشتک تبخیر کلاس A و لاین‌های سورگوم به­عنوان عامل فرعی در هشت سطح شامل KDFGS1، KDFGS6، KDFGS9، KGFGS10، KDFGS12، KDFGS13، KDFGS14 و KDFGS16 در نظر گرفته شد. بر اساس نتایج به­دست آمده، بین لاین­های سورگوم مورد مطالعه از نظر همه صفات به استثنای قطر ساقه و وزن هزار دانه تفاوت معنی­داری مشاهده شد. برهمکنش رژیم­های آبیاری و لاین­ها بر ارتفاع بوته و وزن خشک علوفه، معنی­دار بود اما اثر آن بر بقیه صفات مطالعه شده معنی­دار نبود. همبستگی بین وزن خوشه و عملکرد علوفه در هر دو رژیم آبیاری معنی­دار نبود. در هر دو رژیم آبیاری، گرچه لاین­های KDFGS1، KDFGS6، KDFGS9، KGFGS10، KDFGS12، KDFGS13، KDFGS14، KDFGS16 در خوشه اول و لاین KDFGS14 به تنهایی در خوشه دوم قرار گرفتند ولی فاصله ژنتیکی بین لاین­ها متفاوت بوده است. در تجزیه عاملی در هر دو رژیم آبیاری صفات مورد مطالعه به سه عامل کاهش یافتند ولی در رژیم آبیاری ۱۲۰ میلی­متر وزن خوشه، وزن علوفه و قطر ساقه و در رژیم آبیاری 240 میلی­متر وزن خوشه، شاخص برداشت، وزن علوفه، و اندازه ساقه و خوشه از مهمترین صفات تاثیر­گذار بودند. لاین سورگوم KDFGS14، به دلیل برتری در صفات مرتبط با عملکرد، به عنوان لاین برتر پیشنهاد می­گردد.        

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of genetic diversity and relation among traits in advanced forage-grain sorghum lines under low-irrigation conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Ashori 1
  • MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN FOTOKIAN 2
  • Azim Khazaei 3
1 M.Sc. Graduate of Plant breeding, Department of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of crop science and plant breeding, Faculty of Agriculture. Shahed university, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the tolerance to low irrigation stress in advanced forage-grain sorghum lines, an experiment was performed as split plots in randomized complete block design with three replications in Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran. In this experiment, low irrigation regimes as the main factor at two levels (120- and 240-mm evaporation from the surface of the Class A evaporation pan) and sorghum lines as sub-plot at 8 levels (KDFGS1, KDFGS6, KDFGS9, KGFGS10, KDFFGSD, KDFGS14, KDFGS16) were evaluated. There was a significant difference among the studied sorghum lines in terms of all traits except stem diameter and 1000-seed weight. The effect of the interaction of irrigation regimes and lines was significant at plant height and dry forage weight and was not significant in others. The correlation between panicle weight and forage yield was not significant in both irrigation regimes.  In both irrigation regimes, although the lines KDFGS1, KDFGS6, KDFGS9, KGFGS10, KDFGS12, KDFGS13, KDFGS14, KDFGS16 were grouped in the first cluster and the KDFGS14 line alone was arranged in the second cluster, but the genetic distance among lines was different in irrigation conditions.  In factor analysis, although, the studied traits were reduced to three factors in both irrigation regimes, in irrigation 120 mm panicle weight, forage weight and stem diameter, and in irrigation 240 mm panicle weight, harvest index, forage weight, and amount of stem and panicle were determined the most effective traits. KDFGS14 sorghum line is recommended as a superior line due to its superiority in traits related to yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster analysis
  • Correlation coefficient
  • Drought stress
  • Factor analysis

مراجع

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تحقیقات غلات
دوره 10، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 273-283

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