نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 عضو هیات علمی /سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی
2 گروه بیوتکنولوژی و بهنژادی گیاهی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران
3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه بیوتکنولوژی و بهنژادی گیاهی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران
4 موسسه تحقیقات اصالح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Subsp. Durum) is the only tetraploid species with high food values. Regarding the high adaptability of this cereal crop to the Mediterranean conditions, achieving high-performance and stable varieties has a critical role in expanding the cultivation areas followed by increasing its production. Evaluation of genetic diversity is one of the main components of each breeding program, and it provides useful information about population structure and growth and agronomic features in plant genetic materials. The main objective of the present study was to investigation of genetic diversity in a set of durum wheat genotypes in terms of some agronomic and morphological traits.
Materials and methods
A total of 172 breeding durum wheat genotypes along with four local genotypes including Tabesh, Saji, Zagab, and Sepand (as reference genotypes) were investigated under rainfed conditions during two cropping seasons (2022-2023 and 2023-2024). All genetic materials were investigated in an augmented design. To evaluation of genetic diversity, some agronomic and morphological traits were measured. Furthermore, some of genetic variation parameters such as environmental coefficient of variance (ECV), phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variance (PCV and GCV), broad sense heritability (Hb), genetic gain (GA), and mean-based genetic gain (GAm) were estimated. To group the investigated genotypes and measured traits, a two-way dendrogram was rendered using cluster analysis. Moreover, to identify the superior genotypes in terms of all measured traits, the genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI) model was used.
Research findings
Based on the results obtained from analysis of variance, a significant difference was found for the number of days to heading, grain filling period, plant height, thousand-kernel weights, and grain yield. The highest values of PCV and GCV were estimated for grain yield and its related traits. The majority of traits showed the relative high heritability and categorized in the moderate and high classes. Moreover, grain yield and plant height in the first year and thousand grains weights, number of spikes, and spike density in the second year showed the maximum genetic gains. Results of the MGIDI model identified 26 genotypes (No. 5, 8, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21, 26, 51, 81, 86, 87, 91, 92, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 102, 103, 155, 158, 163, 166, and 174) as superior durum wheat genotypes.
Conclusion
Based on obtained results, genotype numbers 102, 100, 92, 87, 21, 174, 86, 8, 14, and 5 were identified as superior genotypes in terms of agronomic and morphological traits and can be used in further durum wheat breeding programs.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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