گزینش لاین های ذرت استخراجی از ژرم پلاسم سیمیت از طریق قابلیت ترکیب با تسترهای مناطق معتدله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مغان، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور ارزیابی ترکیب­پذیری لاین­های استخراجی از منابع ژرم­پلاسم حاره­ای و نیمه حاره­ای سیمیت در تلاقی با لاین­های مناطق معتدله و تعیین گروه هتروتیکی آن­ها، تعداد 28 ترکیب حاصل از تلاقی چهار تستر مناطق معتدله (MO17، K18، A679 و K166B) با هفت لاین استخراجی از ژرم­پلاسم ذرت سیمیت به همراه دو هیبرید شاهد (SC704 و SC705) در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مغان طی دو سال 92-1391 بررسی شدند. نتایج تجزیه لاین×تستر برای برآورد اثر ژن­ها نشان داد که هر دو اثر افزایشی و غیرافزایشی در کنترل عملکرد دانه و سایر صفات نقش داشتند. تخمین میزان ترکیب­پذیری عمومی لاین­ها نشان داد که امکان استفاده مستقیم از لاین­های شماره 3، 5 و 7 در اصلاح عملکرد دانه وجود دارد. بررسی ترکیب­پذیری خصوصی تلاقی­ها برای عملکرد دانه نیز نشان داد که فقط ترکیب­پذیری خصوصی تستر MO17 با لاین شماره 3 مثبت و معنی­دار بود. به­منظور شناخت بیش­تر لاین­های استخراجی از منابع مختلف سیمیت و انتساب لاین­های مورد مطالعه به سه گروه هتروتیکی موجود، آماره ترکیب­پذیری عمومی و خصوصی گروه­های هتروتیک (HSGCA) برآورد شد. بر این اساس، لاین شماره 1 واکنش مشابهی با گروه هتروتیک لنکستر شور کراپ، لاین­های شماره 3 و 4 با گروه هتروتیک رید یللو دنت و لاین شماره 6 با گروه هتروتیک K166B (لاین استخراجی از منابع غیرمعتدله سیمیت در ایران) داشتند و سایر لاین­ها واکنش مشابهی با گروه­های هتروتیک تستر­های مورد مطالعه نشان ندادند. این موضوع ضرورت استفاده از تسترهای بیش­تر و نیز بیش از یک تستر از هر گروه هتروتیک را در شناسایی منابع مناسب از ژرم­پلاسم حاره­ای و نیمه­حاره­ای نشان می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The selection of maize lines derived from CIMMYT germplasm through combining ability with temperate testers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadreza Shiri 1
  • Laleh Ebrahimi 2
1 Research Assist., Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2 Research Assist., Dept. of Plant Protection Research, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Moghan, Iran
چکیده [English]

To assess the combining ability of lines derived from tropical and subtropical CIMMYT germplasm with temperate region lines and to determine their heterotic groups, twenty eight crosses of four temperate maize testers (MO17, K18, K166B and A679) with seven lines originated from CIMMYT germplasm were evaluated along with two hybrid checks (SC704 and SC705) using randomized complete block design with three replications, in Moghan, Iran, in two years 2012-13. The results of line×tester analysis to estimate gene action showed that both additive and non-additive effects played an important role in controlling grain yield and other traits. The estimation of general combining ability showed that there was the possibility of direct improvement of grain yield via lines No. 3, 5 and 7. Also, positive significant specific combining ability were only found for L3×MO17 testcross. In order to learn more about lines derived from various sources of CIMMYT germplasm and to assign lines to heterotic groups, HSGCA effects were calculated. According to the HSGCA, the reaction of line 1 was similar to Lancaster-Sure-Crop’s heterotic group, lines 3 and 4 had similar reaction to Reid-Yellow-Dent’s heterotic group and line 6 had similar reaction to K166B’s heterotic group (a tester extracted from none-temperate CIMMYT originated materials in Iran) and the other lines showed no similar reaction to the heterotic groups of the studied testers. These results showed that using more testers as well as more than one tester from each heterotic group, is necessary to identify appropriate sources of the tropical and subtropical germplasm to facilitate the success in development of adapted maize germplasm.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heterotic patterns
  • HSGCA statistics
  • Tropical and subtropical maize

مراجع

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تحقیقات غلات
دوره 7، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 101-114

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