بررسی عملکرد و شاخص‏های تحمل به شوری در لاین‏های پرمحصول جو تحت شرایط شور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

سطح زیر کشت جو به­علت تحمل به خشکی و شوری در سال­های اخیر در ایران افزایش یافته است. به­منظور ارزیابی تعدادی از لاین‏های امیدبخش جو تحت شرایط شور و معرفی لاین‏های برتر، آزمایشی مزرعه‏ای در دو سال کشت پیاپی (1390-1389 و 1391-1390) در شهرستان زرین‏دشت انجام شد. در این آزمایش، رقم نیمروز به­عنوان شاهد به­همراه سیزده لاین امیدبخش جو در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. متوسط شوری خاک و آّب محل انجام آزمایش به­ترتیب حدود 6 و 9 دسی‏زیمنس بر متر بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میانگین عملکرد دانه از لاینEBYT-79-10  (با میانگین عملکرد دو ساله 5095 کیلو‏گرم در هکتار) به­دست آمد که 3/21 درصد نسبت به شاهد آزمایش (با عملکرد 4173 کیلو‏گرم در هکتار) بیشتر بود. پس از آن لاین‏های L.527/Chn-01…، MBD-85-8، Karoon/Kavir//…، لاین چهار شوری یزد، MBD-85-6، Rihanee"s"//… و Productive/Rojo به­ترتیب با عملکرد 4740 ، 4705 ، 4575، 4470، 4390، 4275 و 4205 کیلو‏گرم در هکتار دارای عملکرد بالاتری از شاهد و سایر لاین‏ها دارای عملکرد کمتری از شاهد بودند. عملکرد دانه لاین‏های مورد بررسی همبستگی منفی و معنی‏داری با غلظت سدیم برگ و همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری با غلظت پتاسیم و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم برگ نشان داد. در بین لاین‏های مورد بررسی، لاین EBYT-79-10 به­دلیل داشتن عملکرد بیشتر، زودرسی قابل توجه، مصرف آب کمتر و تحمل به شوری مناسب به­عنوان لاین برتر برای کاشت در منطقه زرین­دشت داراب معرفی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of yield and salinity tolerance indices in productive barley lines under saline condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Rajaie 1
  • Sirous Tahmasabi 2
  • Mahmood Attarzadeh 3
1 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Soil and Water Research, Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources of Fars Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Seed and Plant Improvement Research, Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources of Fars Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Recently barley cultivated area has been increased in Iran due to its adaptation to drought and salinity. To investigate some barley promising lines under saline conditions and introducing the superior lines, a field experiment was carried out in Zarrindasht region, Darab, Iran, during two consecutive years (2010-2011 and 2011-2012(. In this experiment, Nimrooz as the control variety along with 13 promising barley lines were compared in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The average soil and water salinity of the experimental site were about 6 and 9 dS.m-1, respectively. The results showed that the highest grain yield belonged to EBYT-79-10 line in both years (with two years mean of 5095 kg.ha-1) which was 21.3% more than the control variety Nimrooz (with average grain yield of 4173 kg ha-1). Also, L.527/Chn-01…, MBD-85-8, Karoon/Kavir//…, On-Farm No. 4 (Yazd), MBD-85-6,، Rihanee"s"//… and Productive/Rojo with grain yield of 4740, 4705, 4575, 4470, 4390, 4275 and 4205 kg.ha-1, respectively, were superior than control and the other lines produced lower yield than control. Grain yield of the studied lines and showed a significant negative correlation with sodium concentration of plant leaf and a significant positive correlation with potassium concentration and potassium to sodium ratio. In the present study, EBYT-79-10 with highest grain yield, proper early maturity, less water consumption and suitable salinity tolerance was identified as the best line for cultivating under saline conditions of Zarindasht regions, Darab, Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorine
  • potassium
  • Promising lines
  • Salt stress
  • sodium

مراجع

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تحقیقات غلات
دوره 7، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 143-153

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