ارزیابی ارتباط بین صفات مرتبط با کالوس‌زایی جنین بالغ و صفات زراعی در ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی

3 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی

چکیده

تولید کالوس از طریق کشت جنین بالغ امکان‌ باززایی مؤثری را برای بسیاری از گیاهان در شرایط کشت بافت فراهم می کند. انتخاب بر اساس یک صفت زراعی می‌تواند بعنوان روشی مناسب برای پیش گویی نتایج کشت بافت که یک روش پر هزینه و زمان بر است مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در تحقیق حاضر واکنش 42 رقم جو ایرانی و اروپایی به کشت جنین‌ بالغ و ارتباط صفات کشت جنین با صفات زراعی ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر ژنوتیپ برای صفات سرعت رشد کالوس، قطر کالوس، محتوای آب نسبی کالوس و سرعت رشد نسبی کالوس در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. میزان القاء کالوس از جنین‌های بالغ ارقام مورد بررسی 100 درصد بود. ارقام ASTARTIS و افضل از نظر صفات سرعت رشد کالوس و درصد تولید گیاهچه­های کامل به­عنوان برترین ارقام شناخته شدند. تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش "حداقل واریانس وارد" ارقام را در چهار گروه قرار داد که ارقام گروه چهارم دارای بالاترین مقادیر سرعت رشد کالوس، قطر کالوس و سرعت رشد نسبی بودند. نتایج تجزیه همبستگی نشان داد که بین صفت قطر کالوس با صفات سرعت رشد کالوس، سرعت رشد نسبی کالوس، طول برگ پرچم و ارتفاع گیاه همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود داشت. نتایج تجزیه علیت نشان داد که پس از صفت روز تا گرده­ افشانی، صفت روز تا سنبله‌دهی و طول برگ پرچم به­ترتیب بیشترین تاًثیر مستقیم را برصفات مورد بررسی در کشت جنین داشتند. مقایسه پاسخ دو نوع ریزنمونه (جنین بالغ و نابالغ) به کشت بافت نشان داد که جنین‌های بالغ با وجود پاسخ کمتر به کشت بافت در مرحله القاء کالوس، از پاسخ مناسب­تر و بالاتری در مرحله باززایی برخوردار بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of relationship between the associated traits with callus induction of mature embryo and agronomic traits in different barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghaye naseri 1
  • Kianoosh cheghamirza 2
  • Leila zarei 3
  • elahe saroei 1
1 Former M.Sc. Student of Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, Razi University,
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, Razi University
3 Assistant Professor, Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, Razi University,
چکیده [English]

Callus production via mature embryo culture provides the possibility to regenerate plant genotypes effectively under tissue culture conditions.Screening based on an agronomic trait is a procedure to predict the outcome of tissue culture which is very expensive and time consuming.The present research was carried out to investigate the response of 42 Iranian and European barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars to mature embryo cultureand to evaluate relationship between embryo culture traits with agronomic characters. The results showed that there were highly significant differences (P  0.01) among the genotypes for callus growth rate (CGR),callus primary diameter (CPD), relative water content of callus (RWC) and callus relative growth rate (CRGR) . The cultivars AFZAL and ASTARTIS had the highest amounts of callus growth rate and complete plantlet, therefore were identified as superior cultivars. Cluster analysis using Ward’s minimum variance divided the cultivars into four groups, so thatthe cultivars of fourth group had the highest amounts of callus growth rate, callus primary diameter and relative growth rate. The results ofcorrelation coefficientsof agronomic and embryo culture traits showed that callus primary diameter had significantcorrelation coeficients with callusgrowth rate, relative growth rate, flag leaf length and plant height. Path analysis revealed that days to heading, days to anthesis and flag leaf length had the highest positive direct effects on embryo culture traits, respectively. Comparison of the response of two types of explants (mature and immature embryos) to tissue culture indicated that the mature embryos with a lower response to tissue culture at the callus induction stage had a more appropriate and higher response atcallus regeneration stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Callus growth rate Callus induction
  • Path analysis
  • Regeneration

مراجع

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تحقیقات غلات
دوره 7، شماره 3
آذر 1396
صفحه 421-435

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