پاسخ جوانه زنی، رشد اولیه و فنولوژی جو به پیش تیمار بذر و محلول پاشی سالیسیلیکاسید تحت شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی پیشین کارشناسی ارشد، گروه تولید زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 استاد،گروه تولید زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهش، مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، اثر غلظت و زمان پیش­تیمار بذر با سالیسیلیک اسید بر جوانه­زنی و رشد اولیه و اثر روش­های کاربرد آن تحت شرایط تنش شوری بر فنولوژی گیاه جو رقم ریحان در دو آزمایش جداگانه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت.برای این منظور، اثر غلظت (در پنج سطح شاهد، 5/0، 75/0، 1 و 5/1 میلی­مولار) و زمان (در سه سطح 6، 12 و 24 ساعت) پیش­تیمارسالیسیلیکاسید در آزمایش اول و روش­های متفاوت کاربرد آن (بدون کاربرد، پیش­تیمار و محلول­پاشی در مراحل استقرار، برجستگی دوگانه و گلدهی) تحت شرایط متفاوت شوری (بدون تنش و تنش­های شوری 6 و 12 دسی­زیمنس برمتر) در آزمایش دوم بررسیشد. هر دو آزمایش بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز در سال 1393 طراحی و اجرا شد. نتایج آزمایش اول نشان داد کهپیش­تیمار سالیسیلیکاسید با غلظت 5/1 میلی­مولار به­مدت 12 ساعت بیشترین تأثیر مطلوب را بر جوانه­زنی و رشد اولیه گیاهچه داشت که برای آزمایش بعدی انتخاب شد.نتایجآزمایش دوم نشان داد که تنش شوری 6 دسی­زیمنس برمتر موجب کاهش طول دوره­های کاشت تا گلدهی و کاشت تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک و شوری 12 دسی­زیمنس برمتر موجب کاهش طول دوره­های کاشت تا آبستنی، کاشتتا گلدهی و کاشتتا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک شد. پیش­تیمار سالیسیلیکاسید موجب افزایش طول دوره­های رشد شد، درحالی­که تأخیر در کاربرد سالیسیلیکاسید از تأثیر مثبت آن کاست. محلول­پاشی در مرحله استقرار، طول دوره کاشت تا آبستنی، کاشت تا گلدهی و کاشت تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک را افزایش داد،اما محلول­پاشی در مرحله گلدهی تأثیری بر فنولوژی بوته­های جو نداشت. به­طور کلی، پیش­تیمار بذر یا محلول­پاشی سالیسیلیکاسید در مراحل اولیه رشد موجب تعدیل تسریع مراحل نمویناشی از تنش شوری شدو با افزایش شدت تنش شوری، کاربرد زودهنگام سالیسیلیکاسید از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Responses of germination, early growth and phenology of barley to salicylic acid under salinity stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Elahe Hashemi 1
  • Yahya Emam 2
  • Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh 3
1 FormerM. Sc. Student, Dept. of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
3 Research Assist. Prof., National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, the effect of concentration and time of seed priming with salicylic acid on germination and early growth and it’s application methods under salinity stress conditions on phenology characteristics of barley, variety Reyhan, was studied in two separate experiments. The effect of concentration (in five levels, control, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5 mM) and time (in three levels, 6, 12 and 24 h) of seed priming by salicylic acid (SA) in the first experiment and different application methods of SA (no application, priming and spraying at the stages of establishment, double ridges and anthesis) under different salinity conditions (no stress and salinity of 6 and 12 dS.m-1)in the second experiment was evaluated. Both experiments were conducted as completely randomized design with four replications at College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran, in 2014. The results of the first experiment showed that SA-priming with 1.5 mM for 12 h had the highest positive effect on germination and early growth, which was selected for the second experiment. The results of the second experiment showed that salinity stress of 6 dS.m-1 reduced the planting to anthesis period as well as planting to physiological ripening and 12 dS.m-1salinity stress also reduced the planting to booting, planting to anthesis and planting to physiological ripeningperiods. Seed priming with SA prolonged the growth periods, whereas the delay in SA application decreased its positive effect. Foliar application at establishment increased planting to booting, planting to anthesis as well as planting to physiological ripening periods,however foliar application at anthesis had no significant effect on phenology of barley plants. In total, seed priming or foliar application at establishment at early growth stages ameliorated the acceleration of the developmental stages due to salinity stress and early application of SA was found to be more important with increasing salinity stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthesis
  • Booting
  • Development
  • Ripening
  • Seedling establishment

مراجع

 
Armin, M., Asgharipour, M. and Razavi-Omrani, M. 2010. The Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus L.).Advances in Environmental Biology 4: 501-505.##Ashraf, M., Akram, N.A., Arteca, R.N. and Foolad, M.R. 2010. The physiological, biochemical and molecular roles of brassinosteroids and salicylic acid in plant processes and salt tolerance. Critical Review in Plant Science 29: 162-190.##Aslam, M., Qureshi, R.H. and Ahmad, N. 1993. A rapid screening technique for salt tolerance in rice (Oryzasativa L.). Plant and Soil 150: 99-107.##Cuartero, J. and Fernandez, R. 1999. Tomato and salinity. Scientia Horticulturae 78: 83-125.##Doulatabadian, A., Modarres Sanavy S.A.M. and Etemadi F. 2008. Effect of pretreatment of salicylic acid on wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) seed germination under salt stress.Iranian Journal of Biology 21: 692-702. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Emam, Y. 2011. Cereal production. Shiraz University Press, Shiraz, Iran. (In Persian).##Emam, Y. and Niknejad, M. 2011. An introduction to the physiology of crop yield. Shiraz University Press, Shiraz, Iran. (In Persian).##Emam, Y. and Pirasteh-Anosheh, H. 2014. Field and laboratory techniques in crop sciences. Jihad-e-Daneshgahi of Mashhad Publication, Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian).##Fazeli Kakhki, F., Nezami, A., Parsa, M. and Kafi, M. 2012.Screening of sesame ecotypes (Sesamumindicum L.) for salinity tolerance under field conditions.I: Phenological and morphological characteristics. Agroecology 4: 20-32. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Grieve, C.M., Francois, L.E. and Maas, E.V. 1994. Salinity affects the timing of phasic development in spring wheat. Crop Science 34 (6): 1544-1549.##Hayat, S. and Ahmad, A. 2007. Salicylic acid: A plant hormone. Springer. Dordrecht, The Netherlands.##Hayat, Q., Hayat, S., Irfan, M. and Ahmad, A. 2010. Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment: A review. Environmental and Experimental Botany 68: 14-25.##Hussein, M.M., Balbaa, L.K. and Gaballah, M.S. 2007. Salicylic acid and salinity effects on growth of maize plants. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Science 3: 321-328.##Kaydan‚ D. and Yagmur, M. 2006. Effects of different salicylic acid doses andtreatments on wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) and lentil (Lensculinaris Medik.)yield and yield components. Journal of Ankara University 12: 285-293.##Khodary, S.E.A. 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolisminsalt-stressedmaizeplants.InternationalJournalofAgricultureandBiology 6:5-8.##Maas, E.V. and Greive, C.M. 1990. Spike and leaf development in salt-stressed wheat. CropScience30 (6): 1309-1313.##Munns, R. 2005. Genes and salt tolerance: Bringing them together. New Phytologist 167: 645-663.##Munns, R. and Tester, M. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology 59: 651-681.##Munns, R., James, K.A. and Lauchli, A. 2006. Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals. Journal of Experimental Botany 57: 1025-1043.##Pirasteh-Anosheh, H. and Emam, Y. 2010. Effect of plant growth regulators on total protein, proline content and antioxidant enzymes in two wheat cultivars under drought stress conditions.Proceeding of the National Proteomics Congress. October 28-29, 2010, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.(In Persian).##Pirasteh-Anosheh, H. and Emam, Y. 2016. Induced salinity tolerance and altered ion storage factor in barley (Hordeum vulgare) upon salicylic-acid priming. Iran Agricultural Research36: 41-48.##Pirasteh-Anosheh, H., Ranjbar, G., Emam, Y. and Ashraf, M. 2014. Salicylic-acid–induced recovery ability in salt-stressed Hordeumvulgare plants. Turkish Journal of Botany 37: 112-121.##Pirasteh-Anosheh, H., Ranjbar, G., Pakniyat, H. and Emam, Y. 2016. Physiological mechanisms of salt stress tolerance in plants:An overview. In: Azooz, M.M. and Ahmad, P. (Eds.). Plant-environment interaction: Responses and approaches to mitigate stress. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. London, UK. pp: 141-160.##Poustini, K. 2002. An evaluation of 30 wheat cultivars regarding the response to salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science 33: 57-64. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Rajasekaran, L.R., Stiles, A., Surette, M.A., Sturz, A.V., Blake, T.J., Caldwell, A. and Nowak, J. 2002. Effects of various temperature regimes on germination and the role of salicylates inpromoting germination at lowtemperatures. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 82: 443-450.##Ranjbar, G., Pirasteh-Anosheh, H., Emam, Y. and Hoseinzadeh, H. 2013. Effect of salt stress on different stages of wheat cv. Roshan growth. Crop Production in Environmental Stresses 5: 23-31. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Raskin, I. 1992. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 43: 439-463.##Rawson, H.M. 1986. Gas exchange and growth in wheat and barley grown in salt. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 13: 475-489.##Shakirova, F.M. 2007. Role of hormonal system in the manifestation of growth promoting and anti-stress action of salicylic acid. In: Hayat, S. and Ahmad, A. (Eds.). Salicylic acid: A plant hormone. Springer. Dordrecht, The Netherlands. pp: 69-89.##Shakirova, F.M., Shakhabutdiova, A.R., Bezrukova, M.V., Fathutdinova, R.A. and Fathutdinova, D.R. 2003. Changes in hormonal status of wheat seedlings induced by salicylic acid and salinity. Plant Science 164: 317-322.##Zaki‚ R.N. and Radwan, T.E. 2011. Improving wheat grain yield and its quality under salinity conditions at a newly reclaimed soil by using different organic sources as soil or foliar applications. Journal of Applied Science and Research 7: 42-55.##Zavareh, M., Hoogenboom, G., RahimianMashhadi, H. and Arab, A. 2008. A decimal code to describe thegrowth stages of sesame (Sesamumorientale L.). International Journal of Plant Production 2 (3): 193-206.
تحقیقات غلات
دوره 7، شماره 4
اسفند 1396
صفحه 579-590

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار