امکان سنجی مکانی و زمانی کشت جو لخت در اراضی کشاورزی شهرستان گرگان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور پهنه­بندی زراعی- بوم­شناختی اراضی کشاورزی شهرستان گرگان جهت کشت جو لخت و تعیین تاریخ کاشت مناسب این گیاه، پژوهشی در دو بعد زمانی و مکانی انجام شد. در گام اول، از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) و فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که سطح وسیعی از اراضی شهرستان گرگان دارای پتانسیل مناسبی جهت تولید جو لخت است، به­طوری­که حدود 35/20899 هکتار (64/32 درصد) در پهنه بسیار مناسب و 13/25759 هکتار (24/40 درصد) در پهنه مناسب قرار گرفتند. پهنه بسیار مناسب در قسمت­های شمال غربی به­سمت میانه و شمال شرقی شهرستان مشاهده شد. در این تحقیق، در مجموع 12/27 درصد (54/17370 هکتار) از اراضی برای تولید جو لخت ضعیف و نا­مناسب تشخیص داده شد. در گام دوم، آزمایشی با شش تاریخ کاشت (7 و 21 آبان، 7 و 21 آذر، 7 و 21 دی) در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان در سال زراعی 93-1392 اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل­های آماری نشان داد که تاثیر تاریخ کاشت بر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه به­جز وزن هزار دانه معنی­دار بود. بیش­ترین میزان عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد زیست­توده و شاخص SPAD از تاریخ­های کاشت اول و دوم (7 و 21 آبان) به­دست آمد. به­طور کلی، بیش­ترین عملکرد دانه و زیست­توده در 35/20899 هکتار از اراضی بسیار مناسب شهرستان گرگان، با کشت جو لخت در تاریخ­های کاشت 7 تا 21 آبان­ماه قابل برداشت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Temporal and spatial feasibility of hull-less barley cropping in agricultural lands of Gorgan township

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Rezvan 1
  • Hossein Kazemi 2
  • Farshid Ghaderi-Far 2
1 Graduated M. Sc., Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

To agroecological zoning of current agricultural lands in Gorgan township and determination of the suitable planting date for hull-less barley cultivation, a research was carried out in the spatial and temporal steps. In the first step, geographic information system (GIS) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) were applied to agro-ecological zoning of agricultural lands in Gorgan township for hull-less barley cultivation. The results showed that extend areas of Gorgan agricultural lands are suitable for hull-less barley production. So, about 20,899.35 ha (32.64 percent) of agricultural lands were located in the high suitable class (S1) and 25,759.13 ha (40.24 percent) in suitable zone (S2).The high suitablezone (S1)was observed in the northwesternparts toward central and northeast regions of this township.Also, about 17,730.54 ha(27.17 percent) areas were identified as less suitable (S3) and non-suitable (NS) zones for hull less barley production. In the second step, a field experiment was conducted with six planting dates (29 October, 12 and 28 November, 12 and 28 December and 11 January) in the randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications at Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, during 2013-2014. Statistical analysis showed that effects of planting dates were significant onall studiedtraits except 1000 grain weight.The first and secondplantingdates (29 October and 12 November) had the highest grain yield, harvest index, biological yield and SPAD.In general, we can be concluded that hull-less barley cultivation in 29 October and 12 November dates in 20,899.35 ha of Gorgan agricultural lands with high suitable degree, lead to the highest production of grain yield and biological yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agroecological zoning
  • GIS
  • Grain yield
  • Planting date

مراجع

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تحقیقات غلات
دوره 8، شماره 1
خرداد 1397
صفحه 127-138

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