تجزیه ارتباطی صفات کمی در به‌نژادی مولکولی غلات (مقاله مروری)

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 استاد، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

زمینه مطالعاتی نقشه‌یابی ارتباطی اخیراً توجه زیادی را برای مطالعه ژنتیکی صفات کمی در بسیاری از گیاهان مهم به خود جلب کرده است. دسترسی به فناوری­های نسل جدید توالی‌یابی، حجم بالای داده‌های فنوتیپی و تنوع زیاد ابزارهای آماری موجب شده است که مطالعات نقشه‌یابی ارتباطی در گیاهان بتواند موفقیت‌های فراوانی را در شناسایی مکان‌های ژنی کنترل کننده صفات کمی به­همراه داشته باشد. با توجه به اهمیت این روش در مطالعات نقشه­یابی صفات کمی، مقاله حاضر تهیه شد که هدف از آن، توضیح روش نقشه‌یابی ارتباطی و استفاده از آن در به‌نژادی گیاهی به­ویژه غلات بود. همچنین، در این مقاله برخی از اطلاعات مربوط به نرم‌افزارهای آماری مورد استفاده در نقشه‌یابی ارتباطی ارایه می­شود و پس از آن در مورد فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های نقشه‌یابی ارتباطی و مطالعات پسا نقشه‌یابی در سطح کل ژنوم بحث خواهد شد. در انتها نیز با ارایه مثالی ساده، مقدار عددی نامتعادلی پیوستگی و نقشه‌یابی ارتباطی بر اساس مدل خطی عمومی (GLM=General Linear Model) و مدل خطی مخلوط (MLM=Mixed Linear Model) برآورد خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Association mapping of quantitative traits in molecular cereal breeding (Review Article)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Alipour 1
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 2
1 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

The field of association mapping studies has recently received major attention for genetic studies of quantitative traits in many important plants. Access to next generation sequencing technologies, high phenotypic data and a variety of sophisticated statistical tools have enabled association mapping studies in plants to be successful in identifying gene loci controlling quantitative traits. Due to the importance of association mapping method in mapping studies of the quantitative traits, the present paper was prepared to explain the association mapping method and its use in plant breeding especially cereals. This paper, also provides some information about statistical softaware packages used in association mapping and then the opportunities and challenges of association mapping and post-genome wide association studies at the whole genome level will be discussed. Finally, linkage disequilibrium value and association mapping analysis will be evaluated based on general linear model (GLM) and mixed linear method (MLM) using a simple example.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genome-wide association mapping
  • Kinship
  • Mixed linear model
  • Population structure
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