صفات مرتبط با تحمل به تنش خشکی و ارتباط آن با نشانگر AFLP در ژنوتیپ‌های گندم نان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار پژوهش، بخش غلات، موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش، و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران

4 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

5 استادیار پژوهش، بخش غلات، ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی میاندواب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، میاندواب، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور شناسایی نشانگرهای مرتبط با صفات وابسته به تحمل به خشکی تحت دو شرایط متفاوت رطوبتی، دیم (تنش خشکی) و آبیاری تکمیلی، آزمایشی در دو سال متوالی (94-1392) اجرا شد. از بین آغازگرهای AFLP مورد استفاده، هشت ترکیب آغازگری EcoRI/MseI در مجموع 119 نوار چندشکل با میانگین 88/14 نوار به­ازای هر نشانگر تولید کردند. متوسط محتوای اطلاعات چند شکلی (PIC) برای کلیه نشانگرها 298/0 محاسبه شد. بر اساس آماره­های تنوع ژنتیکی ارزیابی شده شامل PIC، شاخص شانون (I)، هتروزیگوسیتی مورد انتظار (He) و تعداد آلل‌های موثر (EA)، ترکیب E-ACT/M-CTT به­عنوان بهترین ترکیب آغازگر در تفکیک ژنوتیپ­های مورد مطالعه شناسایی شد. ارتباط بین صفات آگرو-فیزیولوژیک به­عنوان متغیرهای وابسته و داده­های مولکولی به­عنوان متغیرهای مستقل از طریق تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه به روش گام به گام مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و  76 و 98 نشانگر پیوسته با صفات مورد مطالعه به­ترتیب در شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی شناسایی شد. در شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی، بالاترین ضریب تبیین به نشانگر E-ACT/M-CTC-11 با توجیه بیش از 60 درصد تغییرات وزن پدانکل، طول پدانکل، وزن خشک سنبله و وزن دانه در سنبله و نشانگر E-ACT/M-CTT-8 با توجیه 62 درصد از تغییرات وزن هزار دانه اختصاص یافت. در شرایط دیم نیز نشانگر E-ACT/M-CTT-8 با 70 درصد، نشانگر E-ACG/M-CTG-2 با 57 درصد و نشانگر E-ACG/M-CAA-2 با 51 درصد، به­ترتیب بالاترین میزان تغییرات وزن هزار دانه، نسبت آب از دست رفته و محتوای آب نسبی برگ را تبیین کردند. نشانگرهای E-ACT/M-CTC-11 و E-ACG/M-CAA-20 نیز 32 و 41 درصد از تغییرات عملکرد دانه را به­ترتیب تحت شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی و دیم توجیه کردند. در این پژوهش، نشانگرE-ACT/M-CTT-8 به­طور مشترک بیش از 60 درصد از تغییرات وزن هزار دانه را تحت هر دو شرایط آزمایشی توجیه کرد. نتایج این تحقیق می‌تواند در تامین اطلاعات اولیه برای انتخاب غیرمستقیم صفات گندم از طریق نشانگرهای مرتبط با تحت شرایط دیم مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Drought tolerance related traits in bread wheat and its association with AFLP marker

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzad Ahakpaz 1
  • Eslam Majidi Hervan 2
  • Mozaffar Roostaei 3
  • Mohammad Reza Bihamta 4
  • Soleyman Mohammadi 5
1 Ph. D. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Research Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Cereals, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran
4 Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran
5 Research Assist. Prof., Dept. of Cereals, Miandoab Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Miandoab, Iran
چکیده [English]

To identify markers associated with drought tolerance related traits under two different moisture conditions including rainfed (drought stress) and supplementary irrigation, an experiment was conducted in two consecutive years (2013-2015). Among the AFLP primers used in this study, eight EcoRI/MseI primer combinations produced a total of 119 polymorphic bands with an average of 14.88 bands per marker. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) for all markers was calculated 0.298. Based on PIC, Shannon's index (I), expected heterozygosity (He) and effective allele (EA), the combination of E-ACT/M-CTT was identified as the best primer combination in distinguish of the studied genotypes. The relationship between agro-physiological traits as dependent variables and molecular data as independent variables was investigated using stepwise multiple regression analysis method and 76 and 98 markers associated with traits were identified under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions, respectively. Under supplementary irrigation conditions, the highest coefficient of determination (R2) was allocated for E-ACT/M-CTC-11 marker with more than 60% explanation of variations in peduncle weight, peduncle length, spike dry weight and grain weight per spike and
E-ACT/M-CTT-8 with explanation of 62% variation of 1000 grain weight. Under rainfed conditions, the markers E-ACT/M-CTT-8 with 70%, E-ACG/M-CTG-2 with 57% and E-ACG/M-CAA-2 with 51%, explained the highest variation of 1000 grain weight, relative water lose and relative water content, respectively. The markers E-ACT/M-CTC-11 and E-ACG/M-CAA-20 explained 32% and 41% of the grain yield variance under supplemental irrigation and rainfed conditions, respectively. In this study, the marker E-ACT/M-CTT-8 explained more than 60% of the variation in 1000 grain weight under both experimental conditions. The results of this study can be useful in providing basic information for indirect selection of wheat traits using associated markers under rainfed conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agro-physiological traits
  • Molecular markers
  • Regression analysis
  • Relative water content
  • Relative water lose
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