بررسی برخی ویژگی های جوانه زنی، صفات بیوشیمیایی و میزان بیان ژن‎های آنتی‌اکسیدان در ژنوتیپ های گندم نان در مرحله گیاهچه ای تحت تنش فلز جیوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ یکی از ﻣﻬم­­­ترین ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﺧﺎک است. آﻻﯾﻨﺪهﻫﺎی ﻓﻠﺰی ﺑﻪ‌دلیل ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺑﻮدن و آثار ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژیک آن­ها ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدات زﻧﺪه و اﻧﺴﺎن، ﺣﺘﯽ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎی کم سرطان­زا هستند. ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ ﺑﺬر، ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ در ﭼﺮﺧﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﮔﻴﺎهان است ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ عوامل ﻣﺤﻴطی از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ تنشﻫﺎی زﻳﺴﺘﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮزﻳﺴﺘﻲ واﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن می­دﻫﺪ. هدف از اجرای این آزمایش، ارزیابی ویژگی­های جوانه­زنی، صفات بیوشیمیایی و بیان ژن­های آنتی­اکسیدان در ژنوتیپ­های گندم نان در مرحله گیاهچه­ای تحت تنش فلز جیوه بود. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‎های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد که در آن تنش جیوه در چهار سطح (شامل بدون کاربرد به­عنوان شاهد و کاربرد 5، 10 و 15 میکرومولار کلرید جیوه) و ژنوتیپ گندم در سه سطح (شامل گنبد، مروارید و لاین N9108) به‌ترتیب به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و فرعی آزمایش در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش میزان تنش کلرید جیوه، شاخص­های جوانه­زنی و صفات مورفولوژی و بیوشیمیایی در هر سه ژنوتیپ گندم روندی کاهشی داشت و میزان این کاهش به­طور معنی­داری در ژنوتیپ­های مختلف، متفاوت بود. لاین N9108 از لحاظ همه صفات اندازه­گیری شده، شرایط بهتری نسبت به دو ژنوتیپ دیگر تحت تنش فلز جیوه داشت. میزان بیان ژن سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و پراکسیداز نیز در لاین N9108 بیش­تر از ژنوتیپ­های دیگر بود که می­تواند نشان­دهنده برتری این لاین نسبت به دو ژنوتیپ دیگر گندم تحت شرایط تنش کلرید جیوه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of some germination characteristics, Biochemical traits and expression of antioxidant genes in bread wheat genotypes at seedling stage under mercury metal stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hourieh Najafi 1
  • Saied Navabpour 2
  • Khalil Zainalinezhad 3
1 M. Sc. Student, Dept. of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Heavy metal pollution is one of the most important global causes of soil pollution. Metallic contaminants, even in low concentrations, are carcinogenic due to their non-degradable nature and their physiological effects on living organisms and humans. Seed germination is one of the most important stages in the life cycle plants that respons to environmental factors such as biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this experiment was to assess the germination characteristics, biochemical traits and expression of antioxidant genes in bread wheat genotypes at seedling stage under mercury metal stress. The experiment was conducted in split plots based on completely randomized design with three replications in which mercury stress in four levels (including no-application as control and application of 5, 10 and 15 μM mercury chloride) and wheat genotypes in three levels (including Gonbad, Morvarid and N9108 genotypes) were considered as main- and sub-factors, respectively. The results showed that with increasing mercury chloride stress, germination indices as well as morphological and biochemical traits in all three wheat genotypes had a decreasing trend and this decrease in different genotypes was significantly different. Line N9108 had better conditions under mercury metal stress in terms of all measured traits. The expression of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase genes in line N9108 was also higher than the other genotypes, which can indicate the superiority of this line than the other two wheat genotypes under mercury chloride stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abiotic stresses
  • Heavy metals
  • Peroxidase
  • Soil pollution
  • Superoxide dismutase
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