گزینش لاین های جو متحمل به خشکی انتهای فصل بر اساس پایداری عملکرد دانه و شاخص های تحمل به تنش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان جنوبی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بیرجند، ایران

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

برای غلبه بر نیاز روزافزون تولید محصولات کشاورزی در سناریوهای اقلیمی آینده، موثرترین و اقتصادی­ترین رویکرد، اصلاح ارقام با تحمل به خشکی بالا است. به­منظور انتخاب لاین­های متحمل به خشکی در جو، تعداد 19 لاین امیدبخش جو به­همراه رقم شاهد گوهران در دو محیط نرمال و تنش خشکی انتهای فصل مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان جنوبی طی دو سال زراعی 1400-1398 انجام شد. مقایسه میانگین اثر محیط نشان داد که صفات تعداد روز تا رسیدگی، طول دوره پر شدن دانه، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه لاین­های مورد بررسی در سال اول به­طور معنی­داری با قرارگیری در شرایط تنش خشکی انتهای فصل کاهش یافت. نتایج حاصل از بررسی شاخص­های تحمل و حساسیت به تنش نشان داد که برای انتخاب ارقام و لاین­های جو در مناطقی که با تنش خشکی انتهای فصل مواجه می­شوند، می­توان به­ترتیب از شاخص­های YI، HM، STI و GMP استفاده کرد، اما در مناطقی که با تنش خشکی انتهای فصل مواجه نیستند، شاخص­های MP، STI، GMP و HM پیشنهاد می­شوند. بر این اساس، به­ترتیب لاین­های شماره 20، 11 و 14 متحمل­ترین لاین­ها به تنش خشکی انتهای فصل در این آزمایش بودند. ارزیابی شاخص­­های پایداری و برآورد همبستگی آنها با عملکرد دانه لاین­های مورد مطالعه نیز نشان داد که عملکرد دانه با واریانس اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط (θ) و ضریب رگسیون (b) همبستگی مثبت و معنی­دار و با آماره­های کانگ (KR) و تنارازو (NP(2,3)) همبستگی منفی و معنی­داری داشت. جمع­بندی نتایج بر اساس بیش­تر آماره­های پایداری مورد بررسی نشان داد که لاین­های 20، 14 و 8، لاین­های پرمحصول و پایدار برای کشت تحت هر دو شرایط نرمال و تنش خشکی انتهای فصل بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Selecting tolerant barley genotypes to terminal drought stress based on grain yield stability and stress tolerance indices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elias Arazmjoo 1
  • Hamidreza Nikkhah Chamanabad 2
1 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Horticulture Crops Research, South Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Birjand, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Horticulture Crops Research, Razavi Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

To overcome the increasing requirement of agricultural production in the future climate scenarios, the most effective and economic approach is to breed cultivars with high drought tolerance. To select drought tolerant lines in barley, 19 promising barley lines along with a check variety, Goharan, were evaluated under two environmental conditions, normal and terminal drought stress. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the South Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, during two cropping years, 2019-2021. Comparison of the environmental means showed that days to maturity, grain filling period, 1000-grain weight and grain yield of the studied lines in the first year were significantly reduced by drought stress. The results of the drought sensitivity and tolerane indices indicated that YI, HM, STI and GMP indices can be used to select barley cultivars and lines in the areas that are exposed to terminal drought stress, but in other areas, MP, STI, GMP and HM indices are suggested. Based on this result, lines number 20, 11 and 14 were respectively determined as the most tolerant lines to terminal drought stress in this experiment. Evaluation of stability indices and estimation of their correlation with grain yield of the studied lines also showed that grain yield had a positive and significant correlation with the variance of genotype and environment interaction (θ₍ᵢ₎) and regression coefficient (b) and a negative and significant correlation with the Kang (KR) and Thennarasu (NP(2,3)) statistics. In total, the results of most stability statistics investigated in this experiment showed that lines number 20, 14 and 8 were high-yielding and stable lines for cultivation under both normal and terminal drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agronomic traits
  • Cluster analysis
  • Correlation
  • Parametric and non-parametric statistics
  • Productivity
Ahakpaz, F., Bernosi, I., Abdollahi, B., Golkari, S., Jafarzadeh, J. and Udupa S. 2020. Evaluation of barley genotypes based on morpho-physiological traits and drought tolerance indices under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions. Iranian Journal of Dryland Agriculture 8(2): 153-176. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Akash, M. W., Al-abdallat, A. M., Saoub, H. M. and Ayad, J. Y. 2009. Molecular and field comparison of selected barley cultivars for drought tolerance. Journal of New Seeds 10 (2): 98-111.##Akcura, M., Kaya, Y., Taner, S. and Ayranci, R. 2006. Parametric stability analyses for grain yield of durum wheat. Plant, Soil and Environment 52 (6): 254-261.##Amini, A., Amirnia, R. and Ghazvini, H. A. 2016. Evaluation of salinity tolerance in bread wheat genotypes under field conditions. Seed and Plant Journal 1 (31): 95-115. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Amini, A., Tabatabaee, M. T., Akbari Mogadam, H., Ravari, Z., Amin Azarm, D. and Tajali, H. 2021. Evaluation of grain yield and its stability in bread wheat genotypes in saline regions of Iran. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science 51 (4): 191-202. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Amini, A., Vahabzadeh, M., Majidi, E., Afyouni, D., Tabatabaei, S. M. T., Saberi, M. H., Lotfi, A. A. and Ravari, S. Z. A. 2010. Grain yield stability and adaptability of bread wheat genotypes using different stability indices under salinity stress conditions. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 26 (3): 397-411. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Barati, A., Zali, H., Lakzedeh, I., Koohkan, Sh., Jafary, J., Jabari, M., Hosseinpour, A., Marzoghiyan, A., Gholipour, A., Poodineh, O. and Kheirgo, M. 2021. Path analysis of genotype×environment interaction and evaluation of grain yield stability of barley promising lines in warm zones. Journal of Crop Breeding 13 (38): 179-192. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Bidinger, F. R., Mahalakshmi, V. and Rao, G. D. 1987. Assessment of drought resistance in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke). II. Estimation of genotype response to stress. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 38: 49-59.##Bouslama, M. and Schapaugh, W. T. 1984. Stress tolerance in soybean. Part 1: Evaluation of three screening techniques for heat and drought tolerance. Crop Science 24: 933-937.##Cattivelli, L., Rizza, F., Badeck, F. W., Mazzucotelli, E., Mastrangelo, A. M., Francia, E., Mare, C., Tondelli, a. and Stanca, A. M. 2008. Drought tolerance improvement in crop plants: An integrated view from breeding to genomics. Field Crops Research 105: 1-14.##Choukan, R., Taherkhani, T., Ghannadha, M. R. and Khodarahmi, M. 2006. Evaluation of drought tolerance in grain maize inbred lines using drought tolerance indices. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science 8 (1): 79-89. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Eberhart, S. A. T. and Russell, W. A. 1966. Stability parameters for comparing varieties. Crop Science 6 (1): 36-40.##Eslami, P., Bernousi, I., Aharizad, S. and Jafarzadeh, J. 2021. Evaluation of drought stress tolerance in barley lines using tolerance indices. Journal of Crop Breeding 13 (38): 71-83. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D. and Basra, S. M. A. 2009. Plant drought stress: Effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 29: 185-212. ##Fernandez, G. C. J. 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing stress tolerance. In: Kuo, C. G. (Eds.). Proceedings of the International Symposium on Adaptation of Vegetables and Other Food Crops in Temperature and Water Stress. Tainan Publication, Taiwan.##Finlay, K. W. and Wilkinson, G. N. 1963. Adaptation in a plant breeding programme. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 14: 742-754.##Fischer, R. A. and Maurer, R. 1978. Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. I. Grain yield responses. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 29: 897-912.##Fischer, R. A. and Wood, T. 1979. Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. ІІІ. Yield association with morphological traits. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 30: 1001-1020.##FAO. 2019. FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization. Retrieved June 15, 2019, from http://fao.org/crop/statistics.##Francis, T. R. and Kannenberg, L. W. 1978. Yield stability studies in short-season maize: I. A descriptive method for grouping genotypes. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 58: 1029-1034.##Gavuzzi, P., Rizza, F., Palumbo, M., Campaline, R. G., Ricciardi, G. L. and Borghi, B. 1997. Evaluation of field and laboratory predictors of drought and heat tolerance in winter cereals. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77: 523-531.##Huhn, M. 1990. Nonparametric measures of phenotypic stability. Part 1: Theory. Euphytica 47:
189-1990.##Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2014. Climate change 2013. The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge University Press.##Kadam, N. N., Xiao, G.,Melgar, R. J., Bahuguna, R. N.,Quinones, C., Tamilselvan, A., Prasad, P. V. V. and Jagadish, k. S. V. 2014. Chapter three: Agronomic and physiological responses to high temperature, drought, and elevated CO2 interactions in cereals. Advances in Agronomy 127: 111-156.##Kang, M. S. 1988. A rank-sum method for selecting high-yielding, stable corn genotypes. Cereal Research Communication 16: 113-115.##Kebede, A., Kang, M. S. and Bekele, E. 2019. Chapter Five - Advances in mechanisms of drought tolerance in crops, with emphasis on barley. Advances in Agronomy 156: 265-314.##Ministry of Jihad Agriculture. 2020. Agricultural statistics. Vol. one: Crop production of 2018-2019. Information and Communication Technology Center. 97 pages.##Moghaddam, A. and Hadizade, M. H. 2002. Response of corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids and their parental lines to drought using different stress tolerance indices. Seed and Plant Journal 18 (3): 255-272. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Molla Heydari Bafghi, R., Baghizadeh, A. and Mohammadinezhad, Gh. 2017. Evaluation of salinity and drought stresses tolerance in wheat genotypes using tolerance indices. Journal of Crop Breeding 9 (23): 27-34. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Naeemi, M., Akbari, Gh. A., Shirani Rad, A. H., Modares Sanavi, S. A. M., Sadat Nuri, S. A. and Jabari, H. 2008. Evaluation of drought tolerance in different canola cultivars based on stress evaluation indices in terminal growth duration. Journal of Crop Production 1(3): 83-98. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Najafi Mirak, T., Moayedi, A. A., Sasani, S. and Ghandi, A. 2019. Evaluation of adaptation and grain yield stability of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) genotypes in temperate agro-climate zone of Iran. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences 21 (2): 127-138. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Nakhaei, A., Arazmjoo, E. and Abbasi, M. R. 2019. Evaluation of yield and agronomical traits of foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.) genotypes under salinity stress andintroducingthe best tolerance index to salinity. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 14 (3): 933-948. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Nassar, R. and Huhn, M. 1987. Studies on estimation of phenotypic stability: tests of significance for nonparametric measures of phenotypic stability. Biometrics 43: 45-53.##Plaisted, R. I. and Peterson, L. C. 1959. A technique for evaluating the ability of selection to yield consistently in different locations or seasons. American Potato Journal 36: 381-385.##Plaisted, R. L. 1960. A shorter method for evaluating the ability of selections to yield consistently over locations. American Potato Journal 37: 166-172.##Pour-Aboughadareh, A., Yousefian, M., Moradkhani, H., Moghaddam Vahed, M., Poczai, P. and Siddique, K. H. M. 2019. iPASTIC: An online toolkit to estimate plant abiotic stress indices. Applications in Plant Sciences 7 (7): e11278.##Pour-Aboughadareh, A., Yousefian, M., Moradkhani, H., Poczai, P. and Siddique, K. H. M. 2019. STABILITYSOFT: A new online program to calculate parametric and non-parametric stability statistics for crop traits. Applications in Plant Sciences 7 (1): e1211.##Rajaram. S. and Van Ginkle, M. 2001. Mexico, 50 years of international wheat breeding. In: Bonjean, A. P., Angus, W. J. (Eds.). Tthe world wheat book: A history of wheat breeding. Lavoisier Publications, Paris, France. pp: 579-604.##Ranjbar, G. H. and Rousta, M. J. 2010. The most effective stability index for selection of wheat genotypes in saline condition. Soil Research Journal 24 (3): 283-290. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Rosielle, A. A. and Hambling, J. 1981. Theoretical aspects of selection for yield in stress and non-stress environments. Crop Science 21: 943-946.##Royo, C., Abaza., M., Blanco, R. and Garcia del Moral, L. F. 2000. Triticale grain growth and morphometry as affected by drought stress, late sowing and simulated drought stress. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 27: 1051-1059.##Salehi, M. and Mosavat, S. A. 2008. Selection criteria of wheat genotypes under salt stress in Golestan province. Electronic Journal of Crop Production 1 (4): 19-33. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Samarah, H. N. 2005. Effects of drought stress on growth and yield of barley. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 25: 145-149.##Samarah, N. H., Alqudah, A. M., Amayreh, J. A. and McAndrews, G. M. 2009. The effect of late-terminal drought stress on yield components of four barley cultivars. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 195: 427-441.##Shukla, G. K. 1972. Some statistical aspects of partitioning genotype-environmental components of variability. Heredity 29: 237-245.##Sio-Se Mardeh, A., Ahmadi, A., Poustini, K. and Mohammadi, V. 2006. Evaluation of drought resistance indices under various environmental conditioning. Field Crops Research 98: 222-229.##Soleimani, A., Valizadeh, M., Darvishzadeh, R., Aharizad, S. and Alipour, H. 2017. Evaluation of yield and yield component of spring barely genotypes under late season drought stress. Journal of Crop Breeding 9 (23): 105-116. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Soughi, H. A., Babaeian Jelodar, A. A., Ranjbar, Gh. A. and Pahlevani, M. H. 2016. Simultaneous selection based on yield and yield stability in bread wheat genotypes. Journal of Crop Breeding 8 (18): 119-125. (In Persian with English Abstract).##Thennarasu, K. 1995. On certain non-parametric procedures for studying genotype-environment interactions and yield stability. Ph. D. Dissertation. PJ School, IARI, New Delhi, India.##United Nations: Department of Economic and Social Affairs - Population Division 2019. World Population Prospects 2019: Highlights. United Nations Publication, New York City.##Vaezi, B., Pour-Aboughadareh, A., Mohammadi, R., Mehraban, A., Hossein-Pour, T., Koohkan, E., Ghasemi, S., Moradkhani, H. and Siddique, K. H. M. 2019. Integrating different stability models to investigate genotype×environment interaction and identify stable and high-yielding barley genotypes. Euphytica 215: 63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-019-2386-5.##Wricke, G. 1962. Übereine methode zur erfassung der ökologischen streubreite in feldversuchen. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenzüchtung 47: 92-96.##