تاثیر امواج التراسونیک و تنش خشکی بر برخی صفات ذرت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

چکیده

تأثیر مثبت پرتودهی بذر با امواج التراسونیک بر رشد گیاه­چه اخیراٌ مورد توجه پژوهشگران قرار گرفته است. بیشتر آزمایش­ها در این مورد، به جوانه­زنی و استقرار اولیه گیاه­چه معطوف شده است. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی واکنش گیاه بالغ ذرت به این امواج تحت شرایط تنش خشکی بود. یک آزمایش مزرعه­ای به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شاهرود در سال 1393 اجرا شد که تیمارها شامل سه سطح تنش خشکی (شاهد، قطع آبیاری از آغاز مرحله گلدهی و قطع آبیاری از مرحله خمیری­شدن دانه) و پنج زمان پرتودهی بذر با امواج التراسونیک (شاهد، 2، 4، 6 و 8 دقیقه) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بر خلاف آثار اصلی فاکتورها که بر بیشتر صفات مورد مطالعه (به غیر از اثر امواج بر وزن خشک ساقه و برگ) معنی­دار بود، برهمکنش خشکی و پرتودهی تنها بر دو صفت ارتفاع بوته و قطر ساقه معنی­دار شد. این نشان می­دهد که با تغییر شدت تنش خشکی، تأثیر پرتودهی بر بیشتر صفات مورد مطالعه دستخوش تغییر نمی­شود. پرتودهی بذر به مدت شش دقیقه توانست میانگین این صفات را به­ترتیب 8، 10 و 12 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش دهد. به­طور کلی، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که پرتودهی بذر ذرت با امواج اولتراسونیک تحت هر دو شرایط تنش و بدون تنش خشکی، باعث قوی­تر شدن گیاه ­شد، به­ویژه تحت شرایط تنش خشکی که پرتودهی توانست اثر نامطلوب تنش خشکی را بر گیاه کاهش دهد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of ultrasound and drought stress on some traits of corn

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Saleminasab 1
  • Manouchehr Gholipoor 2
  • Hassan Makarian 2
  • Hassan Aryani Mohammadi 2
1 M. Sc. Student, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University, Shahrood, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University, Shahrood, Iran
چکیده [English]

The positive effect of irradiation of seeds with ultrasonic waves on seedling growth has recently been considered by researchers. However, most experiments in this regard, have been focused on germination and early establishment of seedlings. The objective of this research was to investigate the response of corn plants to this waves under drought stress conditions. A filed experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at research field of Shahrood University, Shahrood, Iran, in 2014. The treatments were three levels of drought stress (control, irrigation interruption from flowering stage and irrigation interruption from grain dough stage) and five irradiation times (control, 2, 4, 6 and 8 minutes). The results indicated that unlike the main effects of factors that had significant effect on the most traits studied (except the effect of ultrasonic waves on stem and leaf dry weight), the interaction effect of drought and irradiation was significant on plant stem diameter. This shows that irradiation effect on the most traits studied does not change with thev change in drought stress intensity. Irradiation of seeds with six minutes could increase the average of these traits by 8, 10 and 12%, respectively. In total, irradiation of corn seeds with the ultrasonic waves under both stress and non-stress conditions was resulted to produce the stronger plants, especially under drought stress conditions where irradiation could decrease the unfavorable effect of drought stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ear diameter
  • Stem growth
  • Irradiation
  • Irrigation interruption
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